Hydrated Metal Oxide Phosphoaffinity Materials for Phosphoprotein Enrichment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for global evaluation of protein phosphorylation levels are inaccurate due to the low abundance of signaling phosphoproteins in cells, making it challenging to develop effective diagnostic and medical tests.
Innovation Solution
The use of phosphoaffinity materials containing hydrated metal oxides, such as yttrium oxide, yttrium iron garnet, and titanium dioxide, to selectively bind and isolate phosphorylated molecules from samples, allowing for their detection and enrichment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional methods are used to detect phosphoproteins, then the detection process can be performed with standard equipment, but the accuracy is insufficient due to low abundance of signaling phosphoproteins
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates phosphoproteins from complex cellular samples using phosphoaffinity materials. The method specifically pulls out phosphorylated proteins from the abundant protein mixture, concentrating the low-abundance signaling phosphoproteins for accurate detection and analysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the detection system by using hydrated metal oxides with specific surface properties. The metal oxide surface chemistry is optimized to selectively bind phosphoproteins, changing the binding affinity parameters to enable detection of low-abundance targets despite their small quantity.
2Measurement precision
If phosphoproteins are isolated using phosphoaffinity materials, then detection accuracy improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs porous hydrated metal oxide materials as phosphoaffinity matrices. The porous structure provides high surface area for phosphoprotein binding while maintaining a relatively simple overall device architecture. The porosity enables efficient mass transfer and binding without requiring complex device components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite phosphoaffinity materials combining hydrated metal oxides with support matrices. This composite approach integrates the phospho-binding capability of metal oxides with the structural advantages of support materials, achieving effective phosphoprotein isolation without excessive device complexity.
3Adaptability or versatility
If global phosphoproteome analysis is performed, then comprehensive understanding of cellular processes is achieved, but the difficulty of detection increases due to low abundance of individual phosphoproteins
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex phosphoproteome analysis task into manageable steps: enrichment of phosphoproteins using phosphoaffinity materials, separation of phosphoproteins from other proteins, and then detection/identification. This segmentation makes global phosphoproteome analysis feasible by handling low-abundance phosphoproteins in concentrated form rather than searching for them in complex mixtures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces phosphoaffinity materials as an intermediary between the complex cellular sample and the detection system. This intermediary selectively captures phosphoproteins, serving as a bridge that simplifies the detection of low-abundance signaling molecules and enables comprehensive phosphoproteome analysis.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate isolation and detection of phosphomolecules, improving phosphoproteome analysis and contributing to the development of diagnostic tests and understanding of cellular processes, including disease conditions like cancer.
Implementation Method 1
contacting a sample with a phosphoaffinity material comprising a hydrated metal oxide, under conditions wherein a phosphomolecule is capable of binding to the phosphoaffinity material to form a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides methods for detecting and isolating phosphomolecules using phosphoaffinity materials that comprise a hydrated metal oxide. In an embodiment, a method for detecting a phosphomolecule in a sample involves (a) contacting a sample with a phosphoaffinity material comprising a hydrated metal oxide, under conditions wherein a phosphomolecule is capable of binding to the phosphoaffinity material to form a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, and (b) detecting formation of a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, thereby detecting a phosphomolecule in the sample. In another embodiment, a method for isolating a phosphomolecule from a sample involves (a) contacting a sample with a phosphoaffinity material comprising a hydrated metal oxide, under conditions wherein a phosphomolecule is capable of binding to the phosphoaffinity material to form a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, wherein the hydrated metal oxide comprises yttrium, and (b) separating the phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex from the sample, thereby isolating the phosphomolecule from the sample.