Hydraulic Accumulator Supply Control for Low-Loss Work Machine Drives

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing hydraulic drive systems for work machines suffer from efficiency losses due to surplus pressure loss and energy loss when hydraulic fluid is temporarily accumulated in an accumulator, especially when increasing traveling speed, and mechanical inefficiencies arise from dedicated pump motors connected to engines, leading to ineffective utilization of accumulated fluid.

Innovation Solution

A hydraulic drive system with dual circuits supplying hydraulic fluid directly from the pump or from an accumulator to the hydraulic cylinder via flow control valves, allowing the system to choose the more efficient path based on operation demands, reducing energy loss and improving overall efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If hydraulic fluid is temporarily accumulated in the accumulator when increasing traveling speed, then the hydraulic cylinder can be operated, but surplus pressure loss and energy loss due to leakage occur, deteriorating efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraveling speedVSAvoidsurplus pressure loss and energy loss
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically switches between two operational modes: accumulating hydraulic fluid in the accumulator during low-demand periods, and directly supplying hydraulic fluid from the pump to the hydraulic cylinder during high-speed travel operations. This dynamic adaptation eliminates energy loss while maintaining operational flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The control device changes the operational parameters of the hydraulic system by detecting travel speed and selectively activating either the accumulator supply path or the direct pump-to-cylinder path, thereby optimizing energy efficiency based on real-time operational conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Power

If hydraulic fluid is accumulated in the accumulator when engine load is low, then engine load can be leveled and engine size reduced, but mechanical efficiency and volume efficiency decrease due to drag loss from dedicated pump motor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine load levelingVSAvoiddrag loss from dedicated pump motor
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The main hydraulic pump serves multiple functions: it can directly supply hydraulic fluid to actuators during high-speed operations and can simultaneously charge the accumulator during low-speed operations. This eliminates the need for a dedicated pump motor, removing the associated drag loss while maintaining engine load leveling capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system merges the accumulation function and the direct supply function into a single hydraulic pump system, controlled by a control device that routes hydraulic fluid appropriately. This consolidation eliminates redundant components and their associated energy losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Loss of energy

If hydraulic fluid is supplied directly from hydraulic pump to hydraulic cylinder, then efficiency is improved, but the accumulator cannot be charged to assist during high load conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy lossVSAvoidhydraulic fluid accumulation for assistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control device dynamically switches between direct supply mode (pump to cylinder) for efficiency during normal operations and accumulator supply mode for assistance during high-load conditions, thereby maintaining both energy efficiency and system reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The accumulator is pre-charged with hydraulic fluid during low-demand periods through the controlled opening of the accumulation flow adjustment device, preparing energy reserves in advance for high-load conditions without affecting current operational efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration significantly improves the efficiency of the work machine by minimizing energy loss and fuel consumption, allowing for optimal hydraulic fluid distribution and reducing engine load, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and reducing fuel usage.

Implementation Method 1

a hydraulic pump, and a hydraulic cylinder (actuator) operated by the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic pressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 2

an accumulator accumulating a hydraulic fluid delivered from the hydraulic pump

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic fluid accumulation: Hydraulic Accumulator

Data Source

PatentEP3521638B1Hydraulic drive device
Publication Date: 2024.07.31 HITACHI CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CO LTD
  • EP3521638B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3521638B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3521638B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic drive system that effectively utilizes a hydraulic fluid accumulated in an accumulator to make it possible to achieve a substantial improvement in terms of efficiency for a work machine as a whole. A hydraulic drive system includes: a first hydraulic pump; a first hydraulic actuator driven by being supplied with a hydraulic fluid from the first hydraulic pump; a first line for supplying the hydraulic fluid from the first hydraulic pump to the first hydraulic actuator; a first pump flow adjustment device installed in the first line, the first pump flow adjustment device being configured to adjust; a first hydraulic accumulator for accumulating the hydraulic fluid delivered from the first hydraulic pump; and a first accumulation flow adjustment device configured to adjust the flow of the hydraulic fluid from the first hydraulic pump to the first hydraulic accumulator. The hydraulic drive system further comprises a first accumulation flow supply device configured to supply the hydraulic fluid accumulated in the first hydraulic accumulator to the first hydraulic actuator via a second line different from the first line.