Hydraulically Linked Drill Bit Elements for Load Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Drill bits experience excessive fluctuations and vibrations when drilling through varying rock formations, leading to inefficiencies and premature damage, as existing methods for controlling rate of penetration and drill bit aggressiveness require non-immediate surface actions.

Innovation Solution

A drill bit with extendable and retractable elements, such as pads and cutters, that are hydraulically connected to compensate for differing forces during drilling, allowing for real-time adjustment of depth of cut and aggressiveness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the rate of penetration is increased by increasing weight-on-bit or rotational speed, then drilling productivity is improved, but drill bit fluctuations and vibrations increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverate of penetrationVSAvoiddrill bit fluctuations
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The drill bit incorporates extendable and retractable elements (such as extendable cutters or pads) that can dynamically adjust their position relative to the drill bit body. This dynamic adjustment allows the drill bit to adapt its aggressiveness and depth of cut in real-time, enabling higher productivity while maintaining stability by reducing fluctuations and vibrations through optimized cutting engagement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the physical parameters of the drill bit by extending or retracting elements to alter the depth of cut and aggressiveness. This parameter adjustment allows optimization of the cutting process to achieve higher rate of penetration while controlling vibrations, resolving the contradiction between productivity and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the depth of cut is increased to improve drilling efficiency, then productivity is improved, but drill bit aggressiveness increases causing excessive vibrations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrilling efficiencyVSAvoidvibrations
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The drill bit is segmented into multiple independent elements (cutters, pads, or extendable components) that can be individually controlled. This segmentation allows selective extension or retraction of specific elements to optimize the depth of cut for improved efficiency while distributing the cutting load to reduce vibrations and harmful effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The extendable elements provide dynamic control over the depth of cut, allowing the drill bit to operate at optimal aggressiveness levels for maximum efficiency while minimizing vibrations. The elements can be extended to increase depth of cut for efficiency or retracted to reduce aggressiveness and vibrations when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Stability of the object's composition

If surface actions are taken to control drill bit fluctuations, then stability is improved, but response time is delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrill bit fluctuationsVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The drill bit incorporates self-regulating extendable elements that automatically adjust their position in response to drilling conditions. This self-service capability eliminates the need for delayed surface actions, as the drill bit autonomously stabilizes itself by extending or retracting elements to compensate for fluctuations, achieving immediate response without surface intervention delay.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback control where the state of the extendable elements is continuously adjusted based on drilling conditions and vibrations. This feedback mechanism enables real-time stabilization of drill bit fluctuations, improving stability without the time loss associated with surface actions, as the adjustment occurs downhole at the source.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Adaptability or versatility

If multiple extendable elements are independently controlled, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrill bit aggressiveness controlVSAvoidhydraulic connection system
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple extendable elements are merged into a common hydraulic system where a single hydraulic source or interconnected hydraulic lines control the extension and retraction of multiple elements simultaneously. This merging approach provides adaptability through coordinated element movement while reducing device complexity by eliminating the need for completely independent control systems for each element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables real-time control of drill bit aggressiveness, reducing vibrations, improving drilling efficiency, and extending the life of drill bits by uniformly distributing loads and adjusting the depth of cut based on applied forces.

Implementation Method 1

at least two elements in the plurality of elements are in fluid communication with each other to compensate for differing forces applied to such elements during drilling operations

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic communication: Hydraulic Press

Data Source

PatentEP2971439B1Drill bit with extension elements in hydraulic communications to adjust loads thereon
Publication Date: 2020.09.30 BAKER HUGHES CO
  • EP2971439B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2971439B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2971439B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In one aspect, a drill bit is disclosed that in one embodiment includes a plurality of elements that extend and retract from a surface of the drill bit, wherein the plurality of such elements are in fluid communication with each other to compensate for differing forces applied to such elements during drilling operations. In another aspect, a method of drilling a wellbore is provided that in one embodiment includes: conveying a drill string having a drill bit at an end thereof, wherein the drill bit includes a plurality of elements that extend and retract from a surface of the drill bit, wherein the plurality of such elements are in fluid communication with each other to compensate for differing forces applied to such elements during drilling operations; and drilling the wellbore using the drill string.