Hydraulic Direct-Shear Testing for High-Rate Rock Joint Failure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems for testing dynamic direct-shear of rock mass structural planes have low shear rates, failing to accurately depict dynamic instability and failure processes, and are cumbersome and unstable, lacking simplicity and convenience.
Innovation Solution
A constant-speed dynamic direct-shear test system with a bearing frame, loading devices, and a digital controller to control oil supply and horizontal loading, enabling precise control of shear rate and stability during testing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If traditional dynamic direct-shear test system is used, then the system structure is complete, but the shear rate is low and cannot present dynamic instability and failure process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a hydraulic loading device with high-speed oil cylinder to replace traditional mechanical loading systems. The hydraulic system uses oil pressure to drive the shear loading, enabling constant-speed dynamic shear loading at high shear rates while maintaining precise control over the loading process, thus resolving the contradiction between achieving high shear rate and maintaining test reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the key parameter of shear rate from low (traditional) to high (dynamic) by implementing a high-speed hydraulic loading mechanism. The digital controller adjusts hydraulic parameters to achieve constant-speed dynamic shear loading, transforming the test conditions to properly capture dynamic instability and failure processes of rock mass structural planes.
2Device complexity
If traditional test system design is used, then the system may be complete, but the system design is too large and complicated, leading to doubts about stability and safety
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the test system into modular components: bearing frame, loading frame, horizontal loading device, normal loading device, oil supply device, and digital controller. Each module performs a specific function and can be independently controlled, simplifying the overall system design while maintaining stability and safety through distributed control architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical transmission systems with a digital control-based hydraulic system. The digital controller manages the hydraulic actuators directly, eliminating intermediate mechanical linkages and reducing system complexity. This substitution improves reliability by reducing mechanical wear and instability while maintaining precise control over loading conditions.
3Ease of operation
If traditional loading device is used, then the system may be functional, but it is difficult to realize constant-speed dynamic shear loading
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a digital control system that automatically manages the hydraulic loading process. The system self-regulates oil supply, pressure control, and loading speed through digital controllers that monitor and adjust parameters in real-time, eliminating the need for manual intervention and enabling constant-speed dynamic shear loading to be easily realized while improving testing efficiency.
4Reliability
If high shear rate is implemented, then dynamic instability and failure process can be captured, but the system becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the hydraulic loading device to serve multiple functions: it can apply both normal load and shear load, control loading speed, and maintain constant pressure. This multi-functionality allows the system to capture dynamic instability and failure processes at high shear rates without requiring separate specialized devices for each function, thus avoiding excessive system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system allows for reliable and accurate analysis of rock sample shear behavior by increasing shear rate and ensuring stability, simplifying the testing process while maintaining high precision.
Implementation Method 1
an oil pump and an accumulator sequentially connected with the high-speed oil cylinder... the oil pump and the accumulator are communicated with a motor valve
Implementation Method 2
the oil tank is provided with an oil tank oil-return port communicated with the high-speed oil cylinder oil-return port
Data Source
AI summary
A constant-speed dynamic direct-shear test system and a test method for a rock mass structural plane are provided; the system includes a bearing frame, a loading frame, a horizontal loading device, a normal loading device, an oil supply device and a digital controller, a shear box is arranged in the loading frame, and the loading frame is fixedly connected with a top surface of one end of the bearing frame; the oil supply device and the horizontal loading device are controlled by the digital controller and output shearing force, the normal loading device is arranged on the loading frame and provides normal force to the shear box.