Dicarboxylic Acid Hydrazide Stabilization via Transition Metal Ions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dicarboxylic acid hydrazides, such as maleic hydrazide, degrade over time, releasing toxic hydrazine impurities, which complicates storage stability and safety, especially in agricultural applications, and existing methods to control hydrazine levels often result in less stable compositions with issues like crystallization.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating transition metal ions or their salts, like copper, iron, or nickel, into the dicarboxylic acid hydrazide compositions to reduce hydrazine levels below 1 ppm, maintaining stability and safety for extended storage periods.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If dicarboxylic acid hydrazide is stored over time, then plant growth regulating action is maintained, but hydrazine levels increase making the product toxic
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces transition metal ions (Fe2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+) as intermediary substances that bind to hydrazide molecules through coordination chemistry. This intermediary interaction prevents the degradation pathway that releases hydrazine, thereby maintaining storage stability while eliminating toxic byproduct formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical environment by introducing metal ions that alter the degradation kinetics of hydrazide. The metal-hydrazide complex formation changes the chemical parameters of the system, preventing the spontaneous decomposition that releases hydrazine and thus controlling the harmful factor generation.
2Ease of operation
If neutralization with potassium salts is used to formulate maleic hydrazide, then liquid composition is achieved, but free hydrazine levels increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces transition metal ions as intermediary substances that bind to hydrazide molecules through coordination chemistry. This intermediary interaction prevents the degradation pathway that releases hydrazine, thereby maintaining storage stability while eliminating toxic byproduct formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical environment by introducing metal ions that alter the degradation kinetics of hydrazide. The metal-hydrazide complex formation changes the chemical parameters of the system, preventing the spontaneous decomposition that releases hydrazine and thus controlling the harmful factor generation.
3Stability of the object's composition
If drying steps are used while preparing granules, then product stability is improved, but hydrazine levels increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces transition metal ions as intermediary substances that bind to hydrazide molecules through coordination chemistry. This intermediary interaction prevents the degradation pathway that releases hydrazine, thereby maintaining storage stability while eliminating toxic byproduct formation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The addition of transition metal ions effectively stabilizes the dicarboxylic acid hydrazide compositions, reducing hydrazine levels to safe thresholds, enhancing storage stability and reducing toxicity, while maintaining efficacy as plant growth regulators and anti-sprouting agents.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating transition metal ions or their salts, like copper, iron, or nickel, into the dicarboxylic acid hydrazide compositions to reduce hydrazine levels below 1 ppm
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to agricultural compositions containing dicarboxylic acid hydrazides and transition metal ions, and the preparation thereof. The compositions are useful in the treatments of plants or seeds as an anti-sprout agent, growth regulator and/or pest control agent. In particular, it relates to maleic hydrazide combined with copper, nickel, manganese, iron or zinc. The transition metal ions improve the storage stability of the dicarboxylic acid hydrazide and prevent generation of free hydrazine.