Hydride Production Catalyst Nitrogen Additive Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
The hydrogenation catalyst used in producing hydrides with a carbon number of 4 experiences reduced selectivity and lifespan due to deterioration during continuous operation, necessitating a method to enhance catalyst life and reduce byproduct formation.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a nitrogen component into the hydrogenation reaction as a solvent, specifically 1,4-butanediol, with a concentration of 1 ppm to 1 wt% in the presence of a solid catalyst loaded with metal elements from Groups 9 to 11 on a support, such as silica or diatomaceous earth, to improve catalyst longevity and reduce byproduct concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If hydrogenation reaction is performed using conventional catalysts, then hydrogenation reaction proceeds, but catalyst deterioration occurs and selectivity reduces
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameter of the reaction system by introducing a nitrogen-containing compound (ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, or carbamic acid) at specific concentrations (0.01-5 wt%). This parameter change protects the catalyst from deterioration, maintaining both high reaction rate and selectivity throughout continuous operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The nitrogen-containing compound acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the reactants and the catalyst. It protects the catalyst surface from deactivation by unsaturated compounds while allowing the hydrogenation reaction to proceed efficiently, thus maintaining catalyst reliability without sacrificing productivity.
2Productivity
If hydrogenation reaction is performed continuously, then production efficiency increases, but catalyst life decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The nitrogen-containing compound is introduced at the beginning of the continuous hydrogenation process to preemptively protect the catalyst. This preliminary action prevents catalyst deterioration before it occurs, enabling the catalyst to maintain its activity and selectivity throughout the entire continuous operation period, thus extending catalyst life while maintaining high productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables continuous hydrogenation operation by maintaining catalyst activity through the nitrogen-containing compound. The compound ensures uninterrupted protective action throughout the continuous process, allowing both high productivity and extended catalyst operational life to be achieved simultaneously.
3Productivity
If temperature is raised to compensate for catalyst deterioration, then reaction rate is maintained, but catalyst life is further reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of raising temperature to compensate for catalyst deterioration (which would further reduce catalyst life), the invention converts the potential harm of unsaturated byproducts into a beneficial protective effect. The nitrogen-containing compound allows these byproducts to accumulate to levels that protect the catalyst, maintaining reaction rate without increasing temperature, thus preserving catalyst lifespan.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively suppresses catalyst deterioration and extends its operational life, maintaining high hydrogenation efficiency and reducing the formation of unsaturated byproducts during continuous hydrogenation processes.
Implementation Method 1
contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, and performing hydrogenation
Implementation Method 2
the hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom... the catalyst deterioration can be reduced and at the same time, the catalyst life can be extended
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydride having a carbon number of 4, comprising contacting, in liquid phase, an unsaturated compound having a carbon number of 4 as a raw material with a solid catalyst obtained by loading a metal element belonging to Groups 9 to 11 of the long periodic table on a support, thereby performing hydrogenation to produce a corresponding hydride having a carbon number of 4, wherein hydrogenation is performed in the presence of, as a solvent, a 1,4-butanediol having a nitrogen component concentration of 1 ppm by weight to 1 wt % in terms of nitrogen atom.