Ba-Mg Hydride Ion Conductor Composition for Low-Temperature Conductivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hydride ion conductors exhibit insufficient ion conductivity, which hinders their application in electrochemical devices such as fuel cells and secondary cells.
Innovation Solution
A hydride ion conductor with the formula Ba2-x-mAxMg1-y-nByH6-x-y-2m-2n, where A and B are selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, and the compound exhibits an (NH4)SiF6-type structure, demonstrating high ion conductivity by having a crystal structure with low migration energy for hydrogen atoms, specifically Ba2MgH6, which shows superior conductivity in the Norby gap region.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional hydride ion conductors are used, then the device structure is simple, but the ion conductivity is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite material strategy by combining multiple elements (Ba, Mg, H, and dopants A/B) to create a composite hydride ion conductor with formula Ba2-x-mAxMg1-y-nByH6-x-y-2m-2n. This composite approach achieves high ion conductivity (σ ≥ 10^-3 S/cm at 350-500°C) by synergistically combining the base hydride structure with strategic dopant incorporation, resolving the contradiction between simple structure and high performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality principle by introducing specific dopants (A and B from groups 1-3 elements) at controlled concentrations (0 < x+m ≤ 1, 0 < y+n ≤ 1) into specific lattice positions of the Ba2MgH6 structure. This localized modification of the crystal lattice creates optimal pathways for hydride ion transport while maintaining overall structural stability, achieving high conductivity without requiring complete structural redesign.
2Reliability
If the temperature is increased to improve ion conductivity, then the conductivity increases, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by optimizing the compositional parameters (x, m, A, B) of the hydride ion conductor to achieve high ion conductivity at relatively low temperatures (350-500°C). The specific formula Ba2-x-mAxMg1-y-nByH6-x-y-2m-2n with controlled dopant concentrations modifies the activation energy for ion transport, enabling efficient conductivity without requiring excessive thermal energy input, thus resolving the temperature-energy consumption contradiction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The hydride ion conductor achieves significantly high ion conductivity in the temperature range of 350° C. to 500° C., surpassing conventional conductors, enabling the development of electrochemical devices with improved characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
A hydride ion conductor with the formula Ba2-x-mAxMg1-y-nByH6-x-y-2m-2n... demonstrating high ion conductivity... achieving significantly high ion conductivity in the temperature range of 350° C. to 500° C.
Implementation Method 2
having a crystal structure with low migration energy for hydrogen atoms... shows superior conductivity in the Norby gap region
Data Source
AI summary
A hydride ion conductor represented by a general formula:Ba2-x-mAxMg1-y-nByH6-x-y-2m-2n (1),wherein A and B are each selected from at least one or more of the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, and0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, 0≤m≤0.2, and 0≤n≤0.2, excluding a case where x=y=m=n=0.