Liquid Hydrocarbon Copolymers with Cyclocarbonate End Groups
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current polyurethane-based coating, mastic, and adhesive compositions rely on diisocyanates, which are toxic and require anhydrous conditions for handling, and their synthesis involves phosgene, posing challenges for industrial application and storage. Additionally, these compositions are often solid and require hot application, making them inconvenient for industrial use.
Innovation Solution
Development of hydrocarbon-based copolymers with cyclocarbonate or similar end groups that are liquid at room temperature, capable of reacting with amines to form polyurethane-type polymers without isocyanates, offering improved mechanical properties and easier industrial processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional polyurethane synthesis using diisocyanates is employed, then polyurethane compositions can be manufactured, but toxicity increases and handling complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the harmful diisocyanate intermediate from the polyurethane synthesis process by using pre-functionalized polymers with reactive end groups that can directly react with amines without forming isocyanate, thereby removing the toxic substance while maintaining the desired polyurethane formation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-functionalizing the polymer chains with reactive end groups (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, or isocyanurate groups) before the final polyurethane formation step, allowing the main chain to be prepared in advance while avoiding the need for toxic diisocyanate intermediates during the actual bonding process
2Ease of manufacture
If polyisocyanates are used in polyurethane synthesis, then polyurethane compositions can be manufactured, but storage complexity increases and reactivity loss occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the polyisocyanate intermediate from the synthesis pathway by using pre-functionalized polymers that react directly with amines to form polyurethanes, eliminating the material that suffers from moisture sensitivity and reactivity loss during storage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by preparing the polymer chains with reactive end groups in advance under controlled conditions, then storing them in a stable, non-isocyanate form that does not require anhydrous conditions, thereby maintaining reactivity without the storage problems of polyisocyanates
3Strength
If solid polyurethane compositions are used, then adhesive strength can be achieved, but ease of application decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter of the polymer composition from solid to liquid by adjusting the molecular weight, incorporating plasticizers, or modifying the polymer architecture, thereby achieving liquid at room temperature while maintaining the ability to form strong adhesive bonds through chemical reaction with amines
4Strength
If hot application is required for solid polymers, then adhesive strength can be achieved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter by formulating the polymer as liquid at room temperature through appropriate molecular weight selection, plasticizer incorporation, or structural modification, thereby eliminating the need for heating during application while still achieving strong adhesive bonds through chemical reaction
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting copolymers are homogeneous, heat-stable, and can form high-cohesive adhesive seals at room temperature, suitable for various industrial applications, including construction and automotive industries, with controlled exothermicity and accessible starting materials.
Implementation Method 1
capable of reacting with amines to form polyurethane-type polymers without isocyanates
Implementation Method 2
The progress of the reaction between said hydrocarbon-based polymer and the amine compound leads to the formation of a cohesive adhesive seal
Data Source
AI summary
1) Hydrocarbon-based copolymer comprising two end groups preceded by an ether function and chosen from a 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl (or cyclocarbonate), a dithiocyclocarbonate, and a 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl, the main chain of which comprises units (I) and (II)in which R0 is notably a methyl radical;and the number-average molecular mass Mn of which is between 400 and 100 000 g/mol.2) Process for preparing said copolymer, comprising:(i) a step of heating a statistical bipolymer A chosen from a poly(butadiene-isoprene), a poly(butadiene-myrcene) and a poly(butadiene-farnesene); and then(ii) a step of heating the product formed, in the presence of a chain-transfer agent.3) Use as adhesive, as a mixture with an amine compound comprising at least two amine groups.