Hydrodynamic Coupling Multi-Stage Pre-Chamber Torque Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hydrodynamic couplings have a prolonged start-up process and high starting torque, are complex and expensive to manufacture, and require electronic components that are susceptible to failure and power-dependent.

Innovation Solution

Divide the antechamber into multiple regions using a separating element with smaller flow cross-section feed channels to control the volume flow of working fluid into the working space based on the fill level, eliminating the need for electronic control and simplifying the design.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a single antechamber is used with a dynamic pressure pump and rotary valve, then the working fluid can be pumped into the working space, but the start-up process is prolonged and the device becomes complex and expensive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The antechamber is divided into multiple antechambers (first antechamber and second antechamber), each with its own inlet channel connecting to the working space. This segmentation eliminates the need for complex electronic control systems and rotary valves, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining reliable operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts and eliminates the dynamic pressure pump and rotary valve from the system by using passive gravity-driven flow control through multiple antechambers. This removal of active pumping components simplifies the device structure and reduces manufacturing costs while maintaining functional reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Adaptability or versatility

If electronic control components are used to adapt torque characteristic, then the torque can be regulated, but the components are susceptible to failure and require power supply

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque characteristic adaptabilityVSAvoidcomponent reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The hydrodynamic coupling system uses the natural gravity-driven flow of working fluid through multiple antechambers to automatically adapt torque characteristics. The system self-regulates without requiring external power or electronic control components, thereby eliminating reliability issues associated with electronic sensors, actuators, and control units while maintaining adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Productivity

If the working fluid level in the intermediate chamber rises to overcome centrifugal forces, then fluid flow occurs, but the start-up process is lengthened in time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid flow efficiencyVSAvoidstart-up time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The antechamber is segmented into multiple regions (first and second antechambers) with different inlet channels that provide multiple flow paths to the working space. This segmentation allows working fluid to reach the working space through alternative routes, reducing start-up time and improving fluid flow efficiency by not requiring the entire chamber to fill to a critical level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Ease of manufacture

If a single large flow channel is used, then the device is simple, but the torque characteristic cannot be precisely controlled

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidtorque characteristic precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The single antechamber is segmented into multiple antechambers, each with its own inlet channel. This segmentation provides precise control over torque characteristics by allowing independent flow control through each channel while maintaining manufacturing simplicity through the use of identical or standardized components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each antechamber region can have different flow characteristics and inlet channel dimensions, allowing local optimization of fluid flow properties. This enables precise torque characteristic control through localized flow management while keeping the overall device structure simple and easy to manufacture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a maintenance-free hydrodynamic clutch with reduced start-up time, lower maximum starting torque, and a more compact, cost-effective design, while ensuring a high initial volume flow for breakaway torque and precise torque characteristic control.

Implementation Method 1

the at least one separating element has at least one feed channel, which has a smaller flow cross section than the inflow channel below a predetermined fill level

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow cross-section restriction:

Implementation Method 2

an engine connected to the drive shaft causes the impeller to rotate, which converts the mechanical energy into kinetic flow energy of the working fluid. This flow energy is converted back into mechanical energy in the turbine wheel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectKinetic flow energy conversion:

Implementation Method 3

the working liquid is only pressed radially inward against the centrifugal force by the dynamic pressure pump when the working liquid level in the intermediate chamber rises

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 4

Due to the narrowing of the flow cross-section in the rotary valve connected to the pitot tube, the flow rate of the working fluid increases and the pressure drops (Bernoulli effect)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBernoulli effect: Bernoulli Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2479448B1Hydrodynamic coupling with multi-stage pre-chamber
Publication Date: 2014.10.01 SIEMENS AG
  • EP2479448B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2479448B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2479448B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The hydrodynamic coupling device (1) comprises a bladed outer wheel (5) and a shell (6), which forms a working chamber (8) and is rotatably arranged around a rotational axis (L). A bladed inner wheel (10) is provided in the working chamber, which is arranged relative to the outer wheel and the shell rotating around the rotational axis. A separating element (16) is provided, which is formed at a radial outer wall of a prechamber (13).