Hydrodynamic CVT With Movable Blades for Smooth Speed Transitions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing automatic transmissions suffer from complex designs, large weight and size, multiple gears, and intricate shifting mechanisms, which complicate maintenance and increase vehicle weight and size.
Innovation Solution
A continuously variable hydrodynamic automatic transmission with reduced components, featuring a central disk, pump wheels, and turbine wheels, utilizing control weights and movable blades to adjust fluid flow for smooth speed transitions, eliminating the need for multiple gears and simplifying the design.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple pump wheels and complex locking mechanisms are used, then the transmission can achieve gear shifting functionality, but the device complexity and number of components increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the complex locking mechanisms and multiple pump wheels from the transmission system. Instead of using mechanical locking devices to achieve gear shifting, the invention uses a single pump wheel with variable blade geometry that can be continuously adjusted to change the effective pumping area, thereby achieving gear shifting functionality without the need for multiple discrete components or complex locking mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies dynamics by making the pump wheel blades movable and adjustable during operation. The blades can change their position and orientation dynamically, allowing the effective pumping area to be continuously varied. This dynamic adjustment replaces the static, discrete gear steps of traditional transmissions with a continuous variable transmission ratio, eliminating the need for multiple fixed pump wheels and complex locking mechanisms.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional gear-based automatic transmission is used, then gear shifting is achieved, but the weight and dimensions of the transmission increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses hydraulic principles by employing a pump wheel that moves fluid to drive the turbine wheel. The variable blade geometry allows continuous adjustment of the hydraulic pumping action, achieving gear shifting through fluid dynamics rather than mechanical gear engagement. This hydraulic approach reduces the need for heavy mechanical gears, shafts, and locking mechanisms, thereby reducing overall transmission weight and dimensions.
Solution Approach 2:
The single pump wheel with variable blade geometry serves multiple functions: it acts as both the pumping element and the variable ratio mechanism. By adjusting the blade position, the same component achieves different transmission ratios, replacing what would traditionally require multiple gears, multiple pump wheels, and complex shifting mechanisms. This multi-functionality reduces the number of parts and overall system weight.
3Speed
If multiple pump wheels with different diameters are used, then stepwise speed changes are achieved, but the design complexity and tuning difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the static, discrete diameter variations of multiple pump wheels with a dynamic blade adjustment mechanism on a single pump wheel. The blades can be continuously repositioned to change the effective pumping perimeter, providing continuous variable speed control instead of stepwise changes. This dynamic approach simplifies the design by using one adjustable component rather than multiple fixed components with different geometries.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the pump wheel blades dynamically. By adjusting the blade position and orientation, the effective pumping area and displacement are continuously varied, achieving a wide speed range from a single pump wheel. This parameter adjustment replaces the need for multiple pump wheels with fixed different diameters, significantly reducing design and tuning complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces the number of components, improves weight and size characteristics, enhances gearbox performance, and provides smooth speed transitions, improving ride comfort and reducing maintenance complexity.
Implementation Method 1
a continuously variable hydrodynamic automatic transmission
Implementation Method 2
control weights of a certain mass are installed, the massive parts of which are directed counterclockwise... and have the ability, by limitedly rotating on them, to move from the central disk to the box body
Implementation Method 3
The return spring installed between the central disk and the pump wheels in a free state keeps the central disk in the extreme position turned counterclockwise relative to the pump wheels within its limits
Implementation Method 4
Friction linings are installed on the sides of the control weights facing the box body
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to hydrodynamic transmission. A continuously variable hydrodynamic automatic transmission contains an input shaft on which a central disk with radially directed grooves is rigidly fixed. Two mirror-like pump wheels are mounted on the input shaft on both sides of the central disk. Radially directed blades are fixed on the part adjacent to the hub and on the periphery of the pump wheels, and in the space between them there are rows of holes into which axes are inserted, rigidly attached to one of the ends of movable blades curved in a certain arc. The blades have the ability to rotate in these holes in a limited way. The ends of the blade axes have slots on which the blade legs are rigidly fixed perpendicular to the blade axis. The second ends of the blade axes have projections parallel to the blade axes. Two turbine wheels with radially directed blades rigidly fixed on them are closed by conical or toroidal annular discs. The housing is mounted on bearings on the drive shaft and in the crankcase of the flywheel of the drive device, and is connected to the reverse mechanism and the undercarriage of the vehicle. It achieves a reduction in weight and size characteristics, an increase in transmitted power, an increase in service life, a simplification of the design, an improvement in maintainability and operational properties of the automatic transmission of the vehicle.