Hydrogen Direct Injection Pressure Control for Lower Compressor Work
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-pressure direct injection of hydrogen in engines requires compressors, which are power-consuming and contribute to fuel consumption and performance loss.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for controlling hydrogen injection pressure using a model that balances injection pressure with compressor efficiency, NOx emissions, and fuel consumption, adjusting injector pressure based on mappings and constraints to minimize energy loss while ensuring sufficient engine torque and speed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a compressor is used to provide high injection pressure for hydrogen direct injection, then the injection pressure is sufficient to overcome in-cylinder pressure and ensure proper injection, but the compressor consumes power and increases fuel consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the injection pressure parameter based on real-time operating conditions (engine torque, speed, tank pressure) to minimize compressor work while ensuring sufficient injection pressure. The control unit optimizes the pressure parameter to balance injection requirements with energy consumption.
2Reliability
If high injection pressure is used to ensure proper hydrogen injection, then injection reliability is improved, but compressor mechanical work and energy loss increase
Solution Approach 1:
The injection pressure is made dynamic rather than fixed. The control unit continuously adjusts the target injection pressure based on current engine operating conditions and hydrogen tank pressure, ensuring the minimum necessary pressure is applied at any given moment, thereby reducing unnecessary energy loss while maintaining injection reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from sensors monitoring engine torque, speed, and tank pressure to continuously optimize the injection pressure. The control unit receives real-time data and adjusts the compressor operation and injection timing to achieve the optimal balance between reliable injection and energy efficiency.
3Use of energy by moving object
If injection pressure is increased to improve fuel consumption, then engine efficiency may improve, but NOx emissions increase beyond maximum levels
Solution Approach 1:
The system optimizes the injection pressure parameter within a constrained range that balances fuel consumption and emissions. By dynamically adjusting pressure based on operating conditions and using optimized injection timing, the system achieves efficient combustion while keeping NOx emissions below regulatory limits through precise parameter control.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer-implemented method for controlling direct injection of hydrogen fuel into an engine cylinder of a vehicle from a hydrogen tank via an injector system. The method includes determining a present hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen tank; determining a present requested engine torque and speed; determining a target injection pressure for injecting hydrogen into the engine combustion chamber using a model the target injection pressure is the injection pressure that, according to the model, minimizes the mechanical work of the compressor, that provides an in-cylinder pressure sufficient for the engine to provide the requested engine torque and speed, that provides NOx emission below a predetermined maximum NOx emission level, and that reduces engine fuel consumption, and adjusting the injector pressure according to the determined target injection pressure.