Hydrogen Engine Abnormal Combustion Control via Intake Sensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing techniques struggle to predict and prevent abnormal combustion in hydrogen engines before it occurs, as they either detect combustion after it starts or focus on maintaining a temperature range that minimizes abnormal combustion without proactive control.
Innovation Solution
An engine system that includes sensors to measure rotation speed, intake temperature, and pressure, and a control device with an abnormal combustion estimation unit. This unit predicts abnormal combustion based on compression pressure, temperature, hydrogen equivalent ratio, and rotation speed, generating control signals to adjust the hydrogen equivalent ratio and ignition timing to prevent abnormal combustion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If abnormal combustion is detected by measuring cylinder pressure, then occurrence of abnormal combustion can be identified, but it is difficult to reduce occurrence of abnormal combustion before it starts
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary estimation of abnormal combustion occurrence based on intake conditions (temperature, pressure, flow rate) and operating parameters (rotation speed, hydrogen equivalent ratio) before combustion occurs. This allows the control device to adjust the hydrogen equivalent ratio in advance to prevent abnormal combustion, rather than merely detecting it after occurrence.
Solution Approach 2:
The system prepares compensatory control actions in advance by estimating the risk of abnormal combustion based on current operating conditions. When abnormal combustion is estimated to occur, the control device adjusts the hydrogen equivalent ratio beforehand to cushion or prevent the abnormal combustion event, reducing damage and improving reliability.
2Reliability
If the engine is driven in a temperature range where abnormal combustion is less likely to occur, then abnormal combustion is reduced, but the engine cannot operate at optimal performance conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the hydrogen equivalent ratio based on real-time estimation of abnormal combustion risk. Instead of maintaining a fixed conservative temperature range, the control device optimizes the hydrogen equivalent ratio according to current operating conditions (intake temperature, pressure, flow rate, rotation speed), allowing the engine to operate at optimal performance while preventing abnormal combustion through active control.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the hydrogen equivalent ratio parameter dynamically based on estimated abnormal combustion risk. By adjusting this key parameter according to intake conditions and operating parameters, the engine can maintain optimal performance across different operating ranges while preventing abnormal combustion through real-time parameter optimization.
3Measurement precision
If multiple parameters (intake temperature, pressure, flow rate, rotation speed) are measured and processed, then estimation accuracy of abnormal combustion is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control device performs multiple functions using a single integrated system: it measures intake conditions and operating parameters, estimates abnormal combustion risk, and adjusts the hydrogen equivalent ratio. This multi-functional approach consolidates what could be separate complex systems into one unified control unit, improving estimation accuracy without proportionally increasing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device uses readily available sensor data from the engine's existing measurement systems (intake temperature sensor, intake pressure sensor, air flow rate sensor, rotation sensor) to perform abnormal combustion estimation. By leveraging existing infrastructure and making the control system self-sufficient with available data, the patent improves estimation accuracy without requiring additional complex hardware or external systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively estimates and reduces the occurrence of abnormal combustion in hydrogen engines, preventing damage and ensuring efficient operation by taking proactive control measures.
Implementation Method 1
an intake temperature sensor (170-3) that measures the temperature of the gas mixture
Implementation Method 2
an intake pressure sensor (170-2) that measures a first pressure value of the gas mixture
Implementation Method 3
The rotation sensor (170-1) measures the rotation speed of a crankshaft (130)
Implementation Method 4
a cylinder (110) that combusts a gas mixture containing hydrogen inside
Implementation Method 5
an ignition device (140) that ignites the gas mixture
Data Source
AI summary
An engine includes a cylinder, a piston, an ignition device, a rotation sensor, an intake temperature sensor, an intake pressure sensor, and a control device. The ignition device ignites a gas mixture. The rotation sensor measures the rotation speed of a crankshaft. The intake temperature sensor measures the temperature of the gas mixture. The intake pressure sensor measures a first pressure value of the gas mixture. The control device controls the hydrogen equivalent ratio of hydrogen contained in the gas mixture and/or timing of igniting the gas mixture based on the rotation speed, the temperature of the gas mixture, and the first pressure value of the gas mixture.