Hydrogen Engine Torque-Based Fuel Injection Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines using hydrogen fuel lack an air-fuel ratio sensor, leading to excessive fuel supply issues that cause drivability problems, increased noise and vibration, pre-ignition, and worsened emissions due to blow-by gas.
Innovation Solution
A controller that calculates a predicted torque and blow-by gas amount based on rotation speed and load factor, estimating a richness ratio to correct the fuel injection amount without an air-fuel ratio sensor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If hydrogen fuel is used in internal combustion engine without air-fuel ratio sensor, then device complexity is reduced, but fuel injection control precision deteriorates causing excessive fuel supply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional air-fuel ratio sensor (chemical/electrical measurement system) with a computational model that uses mechanical parameters (rotation speed, load factor) and torque calculations to estimate the air-fuel ratio and blow-by gas amount, thereby eliminating the need for complex sensor hardware while maintaining control precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary computational model that acts as a mediator between the available sensor data (rotation speed, load factor) and the required fuel injection control. This model calculates predicted torque and blow-by gas amount to estimate the air-fuel ratio, serving as a bridge that enables precise control without direct air-fuel ratio measurement
2Device complexity
If fuel injection amount is not corrected based on blow-by gas, then control system simplicity is maintained, but engine performance and emissions deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary calculations of predicted torque and predicted blow-by gas amount based on rotation speed and load factor before actual fuel injection occurs. This allows the system to anticipate the effect of blow-by gas on the air-fuel ratio and pre-adjust the fuel injection amount to prevent excessive fuel supply and maintain engine performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the actual torque is continuously monitored and compared with the predicted torque. The difference (torque deviation) is used to calculate the estimated richness ratio, which then feeds back into the fuel injection amount correction, creating a closed-loop control system that maintains reliable engine performance
Data Source
AI summary
A controller for an internal combustion engine acquires a rotation speed, a load factor, and a current torque from sensors mounted on a vehicle. The controller calculates a predicted torque and a predicted blow-by gas amount based on the rotation speed and the load factor. The controller calculates an estimated richness ratio indicating a ratio at which an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber has been enriched by blow-by gas, based on the predicted blow-by gas amount and a difference between the current torque and the predicted torque. The controller corrects a fuel injection amount of the fuel injection valve based on the estimated richness ratio.