Hydrogen Peroxide Emulsion Explosive Stabilization Without Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing emulsion explosives based on ammonium nitrate produce toxic nitrogen oxide gases, contaminate the environment, and require complex temperature-controlled manufacturing processes, while hydrogen peroxide-based alternatives suffer from instability and reactivity issues.
Innovation Solution
A hydrogen peroxide-based emulsion explosive composition using a water-in-oil emulsion with a finely divided solid adsorbent and emulsifier, allowing for stable emulsification at cold temperatures and controlled sensitization to achieve detonation capability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ammonium nitrate based emulsion explosives are used, then good detonation performance is achieved, but toxic nitrogen oxide gases are produced and environmental contamination occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter by replacing ammonium nitrate with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizer. This substitution maintains the explosive's detonation performance while eliminating the production of toxic nitrogen oxide gases, as hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen during detonation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful toxic gas production issue into a benefit by using hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes into benign water and oxygen. This transformation eliminates environmental contamination while preserving the necessary oxidizing capability for effective detonation.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If hydrogen peroxide based emulsion explosives are used, then toxic gas production is minimized, but emulsion stability and reactivity control are problematic
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance - a metal oxide catalyst - that mediates between the hydrogen peroxide oxidizer and the fuel. This catalyst enables controlled decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to provide oxygen for combustion while maintaining emulsion stability and preventing unwanted reactions during storage and handling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adjusts the chemical parameters by incorporating specific metal oxide catalysts and controlling the hydrogen peroxide concentration and pH levels. These parameter changes stabilize the emulsion composition and control reactivity, making the explosive safe to handle while maintaining detonation capability.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If hydrogen peroxide based emulsion explosives are used, then environmental friendliness is improved, but manufacturing process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a metal oxide catalyst as an intermediary that simplifies the manufacturing process by enabling the use of standard mixing equipment and procedures. The catalyst facilitates controlled hydrogen peroxide decomposition during mixing, eliminating the need for complex temperature control systems and specialized equipment required by other explosive formulations.
4Reliability
If hydrogen peroxide stabilizers are added to control reactivity, then safety is improved, but emulsion stability may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration and type of hydrogen peroxide stabilizers by adjusting pH levels and catalyst amounts. These parameter changes allow the stabilizers to control reactivity and safety while maintaining emulsion stability, achieving a balance between these competing requirements through precise chemical formulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition minimizes toxic gas production, stabilizes the emulsion, and enables safe handling and manufacturing without temperature control, offering a nitrate-free and environmentally friendly blasting solution.
Implementation Method 1
at least one finely divided solid adsorbent which is included and dispersed in the fuel-phase
Implementation Method 2
a water-in-oil emulsion with a finely divided solid adsorbent and emulsifier
Implementation Method 3
HP is nitrate free and decomposes to water and oxygen in the detonation process
Data Source
AI summary
A composition for forming a hydrogen peroxide-based emulsion explosive which composition comprises; an oxidizer-phase comprising at least 15% by weight of hydrogen peroxide and at least 15% by weight of water, a fuel-phase comprising at least one oil type fuel, an emulsifier and at least one finely divided solid adsorbent, wherein the oxidizer-phase is discontinuously dispersed throughout the continuous fuel-phase. A method of preparing an emulsion type explosive composition is also disclosed.