Hydrogen Sampling Apparatus with Pressure-Reducing Safety Unit

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current sampling apparatuses for hydrogen gas at hydrogen stations lack the capability to safely sample high-pressure hydrogen gas, which is essential for maintaining catalyst performance in fuel cell vehicles, and there is a need for a portable and safe method to analyze impurities in hydrogen gas.

Innovation Solution

A sampling apparatus comprising a pressure-reducing safety unit with a rupture disk and safety valve to prevent excessive hydrogen gas discharge, combined with a portable cylinder unit, allowing for safe sampling and transportation of hydrogen gas from storage containers to cylinders, utilizing a pressure-reducing valve and flow control valve to manage high-pressure hydrogen gas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If high-pressure hydrogen gas sampling is performed without pressure reduction, then sampling speed is improved, but safety is compromised due to excessive pressure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesampling speedVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A pressure-reducing valve is introduced as an intermediary device between the high-pressure hydrogen gas source and the sampling system. This mediator gradually reduces the pressure from 70 MPa to a safe level, enabling both fast sampling and safe operation without direct high-pressure contact in the sampling chamber.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Pressure reduction is performed in advance before the hydrogen gas enters the sampling chamber. The pressure-reducing valve pre-treats the high-pressure gas, ensuring that by the time the gas reaches the sampling area, it is already at a safe pressure level, preventing safety issues during sampling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If safety valves and rupture disks are added to prevent excessive pressure, then safety is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Safety valves and rupture disks are installed as preventive safety devices before any pressure problem occurs. These devices act as insurance, automatically activating only if pressure exceeds safe levels, thereby providing safety without requiring complex active control systems under normal operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Adaptability or versatility

If sampling apparatus is made portable for multi-station use, then adaptability is improved, but ensuring safety during transport and operation becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveportabilityVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The sampling apparatus is divided into modular components including a pressure-reducing safety unit and a cylinder unit that can be connected or disconnected. This segmentation allows the system to be transported in manageable parts while maintaining safety features in each module, enabling portable multi-station use without compromising safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures safety by preventing unnecessary hydrogen gas discharge and allows for efficient sampling and analysis of impurities in hydrogen gas, enabling the apparatus to be used across multiple hydrogen stations with the ability to replace cylinders and easily transport the sampling units.

Implementation Method 1

a rupture disk that opens a safety pipe when a pressure of hydrogen gas in the supply pipe reaches or exceeds a first set pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure threshold activation:

Implementation Method 2

a safety valve that opens when a pressure of hydrogen gas in the safety pipe reaches a second set pressure lower than the first set pressure and closes when the pressure drops below a third set pressure lower than the second set pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential valve operation:

Implementation Method 3

a pressure-reducing valve that reduces a pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen gas introduced from the hydrogen inlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure reduction:

Implementation Method 4

a flow control valve that adjusts a flow rate of the hydrogen gas whose pressure has been reduced by the pressure-reducing valve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow rate control:

Data Source

PatentEP3236231B1Sample collection device and sample collection method
Publication Date: 2018.08.15 IWATANI CORP
  • EP3236231B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3236231B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3236231B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is a technology for an apparatus that includes a pressure-reducing safety unit and a cylinder unit for taking a sample of hydrogen gas to a cylinder from a storage container of fuel hydrogen gas to be supplied to a hydrogen vehicle and that has safety and portability and a method using the apparatus. A sampling apparatus (1) includes a pressure-reducing safety unit (2), which includes a device accommodation chamber that accommodates safety devices and a cylinder connection chamber, and a cylinder unit (3). The cylinder unit (3) removably accommodates a cylinder (7), excluding an exposed portion where a front end portion of the cylinder (7), a mouthpiece, and a cylinder on-off valve (73) are exposed, in an openable/closable casing. The exposed portion of the cylinder (7) is formed so as to be insertable from the open surface portion of the cylinder connection chamber into the cylinder connection chamber, the mouthpiece of cylinder (7) and a hydrogen outlet (42) of a supply pipe (4) of the device accommodation chamber are connected by using a flexible hose (8), and thereby a sample of hydrogen gas is taken into the cylinder (7).