Hydrogen Fuel Distribution Thermal Management for Redundant Fuel Cells

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hydrogen fuel distribution systems in vehicles lack efficient thermal management and redundancy, which can compromise system reliability and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

Integration of a thermal management system with hydrogen fuel distribution systems, incorporating coolant and compressed air distributors, and redundant components such as duplicate hydrogen tanks and fuel cells, along with thermosiphon apparatus and buffer tanks to regulate pressure and temperature.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If hydrogen fuel is stored in high-pressure tanks for fuel cell vehicles, then the energy density and driving range are improved, but the risk of hydrogen leakage and the need for complex safety management systems increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy densityVSAvoidsafety management system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the fuel distribution system with thermal management functions by integrating coolant flow regulation and temperature control capabilities into the existing high-pressure hydrogen delivery infrastructure. This allows the same system to handle both fuel distribution and thermal regulation, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining safety

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements continuous monitoring of hydrogen delivery parameters and temperature conditions with feedback control mechanisms. Sensors detect pressure, flow rate, and temperature variations, and the control system automatically adjusts coolant flow and hydrogen delivery to maintain safe operating conditions, preventing leakage risks

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Power

If hydrogen fuel is delivered at high flow rates to meet peak power demands, then the power output is improved, but the temperature variations and thermal management challenges increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower outputVSAvoidtemperature variations
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The system pre-cools hydrogen fuel before delivery to the fuel cell stack and预先 prepares coolant flow paths to handle anticipated thermal loads. By anticipating high flow rate demands and pre-positioning cooling capacity, the system can deliver high power without experiencing excessive temperature variations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary thermal management system that acts as a buffer between the high-pressure hydrogen delivery and the fuel cell stack. This intermediary system includes heat exchangers and coolant flow regulators that mediate thermal interactions, allowing high flow rates to be maintained while temperature variations are controlled

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Duration of action of moving object

If multiple fuel tanks are used to extend driving range, then the duration of action is improved, but the system complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedriving rangeVSAvoidtank system volume
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the hydrogen storage into multiple separate tanks rather than using a single large tank. This segmentation allows for more flexible spatial arrangement, optimizing the use of available vehicle space while extending total driving range through multiple smaller storage units

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The fuel distribution system is designed to serve multiple tanks simultaneously, with a single distribution manifold and control system that can draw from any or all tanks as needed. This multi-functional design extends driving range without proportionally increasing system complexity, as the same infrastructure serves multiple storage units

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances system reliability and efficiency by maintaining optimal operating conditions and allowing continued functionality in case of component failure.

Implementation Method 1

A coolant distributor (702) includes a heat exchanger (416). The coolant distributor (702) regulates a temperature of the fuel distribution system (100).

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP4389608B1Hydrogen fuel distribution system with integrated thermal management
Publication Date: 2026.04.15 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4389608B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4389608B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4389608B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed for a hydrogen fuel distribution system (100) with integrated thermal management. An example fuel distribution system (100) with integrated thermal management comprises a hydrogen fuel distributor (402) including a first tank (406) and a second tank (408). The hydrogen fuel distributor (402) circulates hydrogen fuel to a first fuel cell (606) and a second fuel cell (608). A coolant distributor (702) includes a heat exchanger (416). The coolant distributor (702) regulates a temperature of the fuel distribution system (100). A compressed air distributor (706) provides compressed air from a propulsor (730) to the first fuel cell (606) and the second fuel cell (608). An electrical distributor (602) transports electricity from the first fuel cell (606) and the second fuel cell (608) to an electric motor (726). The electric motor (726) drives the propulsor (730).