Hydrostatic Sliding Hybrid Guide Mechanism for Machine Tools
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Solution Overview
Problem
Machine tool guide mechanisms face challenges in achieving high load capacity, low friction, high guiding accuracy, and high damping performance due to limitations in existing hydrostatic and sliding guide mechanisms, with hydrostatic pressure guide mechanisms experiencing oil overflow and sliding guide mechanisms having low load capacity and high friction.
Innovation Solution
A hermetically-closed hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism is combined with a sliding guide mechanism, where the hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism features a sealed periphery to prevent oil overflow and includes a recovery passage for lubricating oil circulation, while the sliding guide mechanism enhances guiding accuracy and damping performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If a hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism is used, then load capacity is improved and friction is reduced, but damping performance deteriorates and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism and a sliding guide mechanism into a single integrated guide mechanism. The hydrostatic pressure guide portion provides high load capacity and low friction through oil film formation, while the sliding guide portion contributes high damping performance and guiding accuracy through direct contact between slide surfaces. This merging allows both mechanisms to cooperate and complement each other's strengths, resolving the contradiction between load capacity and damping performance.
2Loss of energy
If a hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism is used, then friction is reduced, but device complexity increases due to supply and recovery devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates the hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism and sliding guide mechanism into a unified structure where both mechanisms share common components such as the guide member and movement member. This merging reduces overall device complexity compared to having separate hydrostatic and sliding guide systems, while still achieving low friction through the hydrostatic oil film.
3Device complexity
If a sliding guide mechanism is used, then device complexity is reduced and damping performance is improved, but load capacity deteriorates and friction increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates an integrated guide mechanism that merges sliding guide and hydrostatic pressure guide portions. The sliding guide portion maintains simple device structure and high damping performance, while the hydrostatic pressure guide portion compensates for the low load capacity and high friction of pure sliding guides through oil film-based load support and reduced friction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different guiding principles to different portions of the guide mechanism. The sliding guide portion uses direct contact sliding for simple structure and damping, while the hydrostatic pressure guide portion uses oil film separation for high load capacity and low friction. This local differentiation allows each portion to optimize its function while working together as a unified system.
4Force
If a hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism is used, then load capacity is improved, but guiding accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines hydrostatic pressure guide and sliding guide mechanisms, where the sliding guide portion provides high guiding accuracy through precise slide surface contact, while the hydrostatic pressure guide portion supplies high load capacity through oil film support. The integration allows both functions to coexist and reinforce each other.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combined guide mechanism achieves high load capacity, low friction, and high guiding accuracy, preventing oil overflow and ensuring effective lubrication, thus improving the overall performance of machine tool movement mechanisms.
Implementation Method 1
a static pressure chamber having a sealed periphery; a supply passage configured to supply a lubricating oil into the static pressure chamber... a load between the first and second members relatively movable to each other is supported by a static pressure of the lubricating oil
Implementation Method 2
A lubricating oil is supplied into the static pressure chamber, whereby a load is transmitted by the static pressure to the other of the slide surfaces. In other words, only the lubricating oil intervenes between the pair of slide surfaces, so that the pair of slide surfaces are in non-contact with each other, thereby significantly reducing the slide resistance.
Data Source
AI summary
A guide mechanism for a machine tool includes a movement member and a guide member in a form of first and second rails the movement member and the guide member relatively movable to each other. A hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism and a sliding guide mechanism are formed between the movement member and the first and second rails. The hydrostatic pressure guide mechanism includes a static pressure chamber, a seal portion sealing a periphery of the static pressure chamber, and a supply passage configured to supply a lubricating oil into the static pressure chamber.