Hydroxy-Terminated Organosilicon Electrolytes for Capacitors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing organosilicon electrolytes for energy storage devices, such as electrolytic capacitors, face challenges in compatibility with water environments and hydrolysis resistance, particularly when used in aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
Innovation Solution
Development of hydroxy terminated organosilicon electrolytes with specific alkyl moieties and salts, such as triethylammonium azelaate, that resist hydrolysis and are suitable for use in aqueous environments, along with improved synthesis methods using Me3Si(CH2)Cl and catalytic iodide anion to reduce costs and byproducts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If alkyl terminated organosilicon electrolytes are used in aluminum electrolytic capacitors with water, then the electrolytes can provide high ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability, but they are susceptible to hydrolysis and have performance issues in this environment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure parameter of the organosilicon electrolyte by introducing a hydroxy terminus instead of an alkyl terminus. This structural modification fundamentally alters the molecule's interaction with water, transforming it from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, thereby eliminating the hydrolysis susceptibility while maintaining electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity.
2Temperature
If alkyl terminated organosilicon compounds are used to replace gamma-butyrolactone and diethylene glycol, then the electrolytes can achieve low vapor pressure and high flash point, but they exhibit performance issues in aqueous environments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure by replacing the hydrophobic alkyl terminus with a hydroxy terminus. This parameter change fundamentally alters the compound's affinity for water, enabling it to coexist stably with water in aluminum electrolytic capacitors while preserving the desirable properties of low vapor pressure and high flash point.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and reduced flammability, making them suitable for high-voltage applications in aluminum electrolytic capacitors while avoiding the need for expensive starting materials.
Implementation Method 1
These materials had high ionic conductivity
Implementation Method 2
hydroxy terminated organosilicon electrolytes that are particularly useful in an aqueous electrolytic capacitor environment... these compounds still did not achieve desired performance in certain environments... There is therefore a need for additional improvements with respect to organosilicon electrolytes for energy storage devices, particularly improvements relating to compatibility with water environments
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are hydroxy terminated alkylsilane ethers with oligoethylene oxide substituents. They are suitable for use as electrolyte solvents and particularly well suited for use with aqueous environment electrolytic capacitors. Methods for synthesizing these compounds are also disclosed.