Hydroxylated Rubber Stabilizer for Ozone And Free-Radical Scavenging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Natural and synthetic rubbers in vehicle tires and technical rubber articles undergo oxidation reactions during storage and use, leading to degradation, and existing aging stabilizers have limitations in protecting against ozone and free radicals.
Innovation Solution
A novel compound, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-p-hydroxyphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, is introduced, which exhibits increased reactivity towards oxygen, ozone, and free radicals due to its hydroxyl group, providing enhanced protective effects as an aging stabilizer, antiozonant, and antioxidant in rubber mixtures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If known aging stabilizers (aromatic amines like 6-PPD, IPPD, SPPD) are used to protect rubber from oxidation, then protection against oxygen and free radicals is achieved, but protection against ozone is limited and reactivity is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention modifies the chemical structure of known aromatic amine stabilizers by introducing a hydroxyl group at the para-position of the phenyl ring. This parameter change (adding -OH group) fundamentally alters the reactivity profile, enabling the compound to scavenge ozone and free radicals more effectively while maintaining compatibility with rubber matrices.
Solution Approach 2:
The compound combines functional elements of different stabilizer classes: the aromatic amine structure (from 6-PPD, IPPD, SPPD) provides baseline oxidation protection, while the added hydroxyl group contributes ozone-scavenging capability typically associated with phenolic antiozonants. This creates a hybrid molecule with dual functionality.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If aging stabilizers are added to rubber mixtures to prevent degradation during storage and use, then durability is improved, but the stabilizers themselves have limitations in scavenging ozone and free radicals
Solution Approach 1:
The hydroxyl group introduction changes the electronic and steric parameters of the stabilizer molecule, creating new reactive sites that enhance scavenging capacity. The -OH group's hydrogen atom can be donated to free radicals, and the oxygen can interact with ozone, expanding the mechanisms of protection beyond what traditional aromatic amines provide.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compound significantly improves the durability and protective effects of rubber articles by scavenging more free radicals and ozone, outperforming existing stabilizers, and can be used in various rubber products and oils, including vehicle tires and lubricants.
Implementation Method 1
natural rubber and synthetic polymers (such as IR, BR, SBR, ESBR, etc.), but also natural and synthetic oils, fats and lubricants, are subject to oxidation reactions which have an adverse effect on the original, desired properties
Implementation Method 2
These molecules can react with oxygen or ozone or free radicals formed, such as alkyl, alkoxy and alkylperoxy radicals, and thus scavenge these and accordingly protect the rubbers etc. from further oxidation reactions
Implementation Method 3
Compared to the compound of formula S1), the inventive compound of formula I) has a further hydrogen donor in the form of the hydroxyl group, thus allowing the compound of formula I) to scavenge more free radicals
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a compound, to a rubber mixture containing the compound, to a vehicle tire comprising the rubber mixture in at least one component, to a process for producing the compound and to the use of the compound as an aging stabilizer and/or antioxidant and/or dye.The compound according to the invention has the formula I).