Hygroscopic Fluid Gas Conditioning Moisture Equilibrium

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the liquid medium from pure water to a salt solution (containing NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, or their mixtures). This parameter change allows the liquid to achieve moisture equilibrium with the flue gas without continuous evaporation, thereby reducing water consumption while maintaining gas conditioning effectiveness. The salt solution creates an equilibrium moisture content that prevents excessive water evaporation into the gas stream.

The patent creates a copy of the natural moisture equilibrium mechanism found in hygroscopic materials. By using salt solutions that naturally absorb and release moisture to maintain equilibrium, the system replicates the behavior of hygroscopic substances without requiring large volumes of water, thus reducing water consumption while preserving the gas conditioning function.

The patent changes the chemical composition from pure water to a salt solution, which fundamentally alters the evaporation and condensation behavior. The salt solution maintains moisture equilibrium with the flue gas, preventing excessive water evaporation and subsequent waste water generation. This parameter change eliminates the need for large volumes of water circulation and reduces waste water production to minimal levels requiring only basic treatment.

The patent converts the typically harmful effect of evaporation (which causes water loss and waste water generation) into a beneficial equilibrium process. The salt solution's hygroscopic properties cause it to automatically absorb and release moisture to maintain equilibrium with the flue gas, turning evaporation from a harmful loss mechanism into a self-regulating equilibrium process that minimizes water consumption and waste water production.

The patent changes the vapor pressure parameters of the liquid medium by dissolving salts in water. The salt solution has lower vapor pressure than pure water, which reduces the driving force for evaporation. Combined with the hygroscopic properties of the salt solution, this creates a dynamic equilibrium where moisture transfer between liquid and gas is minimized, thereby reducing water loss while maintaining gas conditioning effectiveness.

The patent converts the harmful continuous evaporation process into a beneficial equilibrium moisture exchange. The salt solution's ability to absorb and release moisture creates a self-regulating system that maintains optimal humidity in the flue gas without continuous water loss. The evaporation that does occur is balanced by condensation, turning a one-way loss mechanism into a reversible equilibrium process.