Three-Dimensional Cage-Like Hyperbranched Monomer for Wellbore Fluids
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional wellbore working fluids face challenges with low temperature and salt resistance, and their synthesis processes are complex and inefficient, necessitating the development of new high-temperature resistant, salt-resistant, and anti-calcium-magnesium fluid loss reducers.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional cage-like hyperbranched monomer is designed and synthesized through specific organic synthesis reactions, incorporating pentaerythritol, acrylonitrile, and other reagents, which can be copolymerized to enhance the performance of wellbore working fluids, providing improved salt and temperature resistance, viscosity, and filtration properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If traditional wellbore working fluids are used, then the synthesis process is simple, but the temperature and salt resistance is low
Solution Approach 1:
The synthesis process is divided into multiple discrete steps: Step 1 synthesizes intermediate A from pentaerythritol and acrylonitrile; Step 2 converts intermediate A to intermediate B; Step 3 synthesizes intermediate C from trimethylol-substituted methane and acrylonitrile; Step 4 converts intermediate C to intermediate D; Step 5 couples intermediates B and D to form intermediate E; Step 6 synthesizes intermediate F from intermediate E and diamine; Step 7 produces the final three-dimensional cage-likehyperbranched monomer from intermediate F. This segmented approach enables precise control over molecular structure to achieve high temperature and salt resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite molecular structure combining pentaerythritol core, acrylonitrile branches, trimethylol-substituted methane crosslinks, and diamine terminal groups. This multi-component hyperbranched architecture integrates multiple functional groups that collectively provide enhanced temperature resistance, salt resistance, and fluid loss reduction properties that cannot be achieved by single components alone.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional wellbore working fluids are used, then the synthesis process is simple, but the salt resistance is low
Solution Approach 1:
The synthesis process is divided into multiple discrete steps: Step 1 synthesizes intermediate A from pentaerythritol and acrylonitrile; Step 2 converts intermediate A to intermediate B; Step 3 synthesizes intermediate C from trimethylol-substituted methane and acrylonitrile; Step 4 converts intermediate C to intermediate D; Step 5 couples intermediates B and D to form intermediate E; Step 6 synthesizes intermediate F from intermediate E and diamine; Step 7 produces the final three-dimensional cage-likehyperbranched monomer from intermediate F. This segmented approach enables precise control over molecular structure to achieve high temperature and salt resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite molecular structure combining pentaerythritol core, acrylonitrile branches, trimethylol-substituted methane crosslinks, and diamine terminal groups. This multi-component hyperbranched architecture integrates multiple functional groups that collectively provide enhanced temperature resistance, salt resistance, and fluid loss reduction properties that cannot be achieved by single components alone.
3Reliability
If existinghyperbranched polymers are used, then the salt and temperature resistance is improved, but the synthesis process becomes complicated with insufficient performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces distinct functional regions within the hyperbranched polymer: the pentaerythritol core provides structural stability and branching points; acrylonitrile groups contribute to salt resistance through polar interactions; trimethylol-substituted methane units create rigid cage-like structures for thermal stability; and diamine terminal groups provide additional polarity and fluid loss reduction. This local differentiation of functional properties within specific molecular regions achieves superior overall performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional linear or simple branched polymer structures to a three-dimensional cage-likehyperbranched architecture. This dimensional transformation creates a dense, compact molecular configuration with enhanced free volume and improved resistance to temperature and salt effects, while the hyperbranched nature maintains solution processability and reduces synthesis complexity compared to crosslinked networks.
4Reliability
If new three-dimensional cage-likehyperbranched monomers are synthesized through multiple steps, then the performance is improved, but the synthesis time and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-synthesizes and characterizes intermediate structures (intermediates A through F) with defined functional groups and molecular architectures before final assembly. This preliminary preparation of building blocks with predetermined properties allows for efficient coupling reactions in later steps, reducing overall synthesis time and improving reproducibility of the final high-performance fluid loss reducer.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting hyperbranched polymer exhibits excellent salt and temperature resistance, viscosity enhancement, and filtration loss reduction when used in wellbore working fluids, with a simplified synthesis method and lower costs.
Implementation Method 1
adding pentaerythritol and acrylonitrile to the reaction kettle in a molar ratio of 1:(4～4.5); under the condition of a solvent-free ice bath, slowly adding a 30％ strength NaOH solution to the reaction kettle
Implementation Method 2
the intermediate A is added to concentrated hydrochloric acid and refluxed for 3～8 h to obtain intermediate B
Implementation Method 3
adding trimethylol-substituted methane, acrylonitrile, and 1,4-dioxane to the reaction kettle in a molar ratio of 1:(3～3.5)：20, and slowly adding a 40％ strength NaOH solution to the reaction kettle
Implementation Method 4
the intermediate C is added to a saturated HCl methanol solution, and refluxed for 3～8 h to obtain the intermediate D
Implementation Method 5
adding 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, the intermediate B and the intermediate D to the reaction kettle containing the solvent in a molar ratio of 1：1：1:(4～5)
Implementation Method 6
adding the intermediate E and the diamine in a molar ratio of 1:(12～20) to the reaction kettle containing the solvent, adding the diamine at 25～30℃ and stirring the reaction for 24～48 h
Implementation Method 7
the intermediate F, the acid binding agent and the dibasic anhydride are slowly added to the reaction kettle containing the solvent at a molar ratio of 1：12:(12～20), and then raising the temperature to 60～100℃ and reacting for 18～30 h
Data Source
AI summary
The invention discloses a three-dimensional cage-like hyperbranched monomer and preparation method and application thereof. The three-dimensional cage-like hyperbranched monomer has the structural formula I:wherein in the structural formula I: X is any one of —O, —S, —NH; y is any integer from 2 to 8; R is —H or —CH3. The beneficial effect of the technical scheme proposed in the present invention is: by introducing easily polymerizable olefin groups, the carboxyl group and amide group are combined in the three-dimensional cage-like hyperbranched monomer to make the water solubility good, and it can be copolymerized with many other monomers to obtain the three-dimensional cage-like hyperbranched polymer; when used as an additive for wellbore working fluids, due to the hyperbranched structure of the polymer, it has good salt and temperature resistance, and also has viscosity increasing, filtration loss, and flocculation properties; meanwhile, the synthesis method is simple and the cost is low.