Hyperspectral Imager Using Dual Frequency Combs

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional imaging systems become complex and require frequency filtering or scanning components when capturing detailed information across a wide range of electromagnetic frequencies, limiting their ability to generate hyperspectral images efficiently.

Innovation Solution

The use of dual frequency combs with offset repetition rates, combined through a beam combiner and split into interrogation and reference beams, which are spatially encoded and used to generate hyperspectral images without the need for frequency filtering or scanning components, employing computational imaging techniques for reconstruction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional imaging systems use frequency filtering or scanning components to capture detailed information across wide electromagnetic frequency ranges, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral resolutionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes frequency filtering components and frequency scanning components from the conventional hyperspectral imaging system. By using a single-pixel sensor without these components, the system achieves spectral imaging capability while significantly reducing device complexity. The spectral information is obtained through computational methods rather than physical filtering or scanning mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical frequency scanning components with computational imaging techniques. Instead of using moving parts or mechanical filters to scan through different frequencies, the system uses algorithmic processing of spatially modulated measurements to reconstruct spectral information, thereby eliminating mechanical complexity while maintaining spectral resolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If multiple pixel sensor arrays and frequency scanning components are used to obtain detailed wavelength information, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral information accuracyVSAvoidsensor array complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes multiple pixel sensor arrays from the system, replacing them with a single-pixel sensor. The spectral imaging capability is achieved through computational reconstruction from spatially modulated measurements rather than direct detection by multiple sensors, thereby eliminating the complexity associated with multiple pixel arrays while maintaining spectral information accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses computational methods to create virtual spectral copies from a single-pixel sensor. By spatially modulating the illumination and using algorithmic reconstruction, the system generates spectral information that would traditionally require multiple sensors, effectively creating a computational copy of the spectral data without the physical complexity of multiple pixel arrays.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Measurement precision

If frequency scanning components are incorporated to achieve hyperspectral imaging, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral detailVSAvoidimaging speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes frequency scanning components from the system. By using a single-pixel sensor with computational reconstruction, the system eliminates the need for time-consuming frequency scanning while maintaining spectral detail capability, thereby significantly improving imaging speed and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies spatial modulation to the illumination pattern before detection. By pre-encoding the spatial information into the illumination pattern and using computational reconstruction, the system obtains spectral information without requiring subsequent frequency scanning steps, thereby accelerating the imaging process while maintaining spectral detail.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for compact, low-SWAP systems capable of generating hyperspectral images across a wide spectral range, enabling rapid and efficient imaging, including gas detection and materials identification, without the need for complex scanning or filtering, and facilitates real-time image acquisition.

Implementation Method 1

a first frequency comb source for generating a first frequency comb at a first repetition rate; a second frequency comb source for generating a second frequency comb at a second repetition rate that is offset from the first repetition rate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFrequency comb generation:

Implementation Method 2

a first beam combiner in optical communication with the first frequency comb source and the second frequency comb source, the first beam combiner for combining the first frequency comb and the second frequency comb to generate a dual frequency comb

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBeam combination:

Implementation Method 3

a first beam splitter in optical communication with the first beam combiner, the first beam splitter for splitting the dual frequency comb to generate an interrogation beam and a reference beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBeam splitting:

Implementation Method 4

a spatial encoder in optical communication with the first beam splitter, the spatial encoder for spatially encoding the reference beam using a set of reference fields to generate an encoded reference beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpatial light modulation:

Implementation Method 5

a reflective telescope in optical communication with the first beam splitter, the reflective telescope for illuminating a target with the interrogation beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical reflection and focusing:

Implementation Method 6

a collection optic positioned to collect reflected light generated by interaction of the interrogation beam with the target

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical collection:

Implementation Method 7

a second beam combiner in optical communication with the spatial encoder and the collection optic, the second beam combiner for combining the reflected light with the encoded reference beam to generate a combined beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBeam combination and interference: Interference

Implementation Method 8

a detector in optical communication with the second beam combiner, the detector for detecting the combined beam and producing a set of interferograms

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric detection: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 9

a processor configured to generate a hyperspectral digital image of the target using the set of interferograms and the set of reference fields

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFourier transform reconstruction:

Data Source

PatentEP3612790B1Active hyperspectral imager
Publication Date: 2022.07.06 DRS NETWORK & IMAGING SYSTEMS LLC
  • EP3612790B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3612790B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3612790B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Systems and methods are disclosed for generating hyperspectral images, which may correspond to a three dimensional image in which two dimensions correspond to a spatial field of view and a third dimension corresponds to a frequency domain absorption spectrum. Disclosed systems and methods include those employing dual optical frequency comb Fourier transform spectroscopy and computational imaging for generation of hyperspectral images. Such a combination advantageously allows for imaging systems to exhibit low size, weight, and power, enabling small or handheld sized imaging devices.