Hyperspectral Sensor Calibration via Simulation Models
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hyperspectral sensing systems are limited by their single mode of deployment, size, cost, power requirements, and sensitivity to vibration, making them unsuitable for autonomous and field-use applications such as water-quality assessment and remote sensing.
Innovation Solution
A hyperspectral sensing system that includes a spectral sensor capable of measuring and calibrating light spectra with adjustable parameters, allowing for deployment in various environments, including underwater and aerial, with a compact spectrometer and optical assemblies to direct light to the sensor, enabling simultaneous measurements from multiple directions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If a hyperspectral sensor is deployed in a fixed location, then measurement stability is improved, but adaptability to different deployment environments deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements dynamic calibration by allowing the spectral sensor to be relocated between different deployment environments (e.g., from water to air) and automatically adjusting calibration parameters accordingly. The calibration process adapts to the current deployment mode by using environment-specific reference materials and adjusting the simulation model parameters, thereby maintaining measurement accuracy across diverse settings without requiring a completely new calibration system for each environment.
2Ease of operation
If a spectral sensor is made compact for autonomous deployment, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces complex mechanical calibration procedures with a computational approach using simulation models and mathematical transformations. Instead of requiring physically complex calibration hardware or procedures that would increase device size, the patent uses software-based simulation of atmospheric conditions and mathematical algorithms to achieve radiometric calibration, thereby maintaining precision while keeping the device compact and suitable for autonomous deployment.
3Ease of operation
If calibration is performed without relocating the spectral sensor, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces an intermediary computational model that bridges the gap between fixed deployment and accurate calibration. The simulation model acts as an intermediary that accounts for environmental factors (atmospheric conditions, lighting conditions) without requiring physical relocation of the sensor. This intermediary software layer enables accurate radiometric calibration to be performed while the sensor remains in its deployed location, maintaining both operational simplicity and calibration accuracy.
4Measurement precision
If the system includes comprehensive calibration capabilities, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system creates a virtual copy of the calibration process through simulation modeling. Instead of requiring physical calibration targets and procedures that would add hardware complexity, the patent uses a computational simulation that replicates the calibration function through software algorithms. This virtual calibration approach achieves radiometric accuracy without the physical complexity of comprehensive calibration hardware, thereby improving precision while minimizing device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides radiometrically calibrated hyperspectral data across diverse environments, enhancing data accuracy and versatility for field applications like water-quality assessment and remote sensing.
Implementation Method 1
optical absorption and scattering from land may be monitored to obtain spatial and/or temporal distributions of vegetation, minerals, and/or other substances
Implementation Method 2
the wavelength-dependent intensity of light reflected from or absorbed within oceans, lakes, and other bodies of water may be monitored
Implementation Method 3
performing the mathematical transformation on the measured spectrum to produce a radiometrically calibrated spectrum
Data Source
AI summary
A hyperspectral sensing device may include an optical collector configured to collect light and to transfer the collected light to a sensor having spectral resolution sufficient for sensing hyperspectral data. In some examples, the sensor comprises a compact spectrometer. The device further comprises a power supply, an electronics module, and an input/output hub enabling the device to transmit acquired data (e.g., to a remote server). In some examples, a plurality of hyperspectral sensing devices are deployed as a network to acquire data over a relatively large area. Methods are disclosed for performing dark-current calibration and/or radiometric calibration on data obtained by the hyperspectral sensing device, and/or another suitable device. Data obtained by the device may be represented in a functional basis space, enabling computations that utilize all of the hyperspectral data without loss of information.