Hypervisor Component Online Upgrade via Instruction Replacement

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for upgrading Hypervisor components in communication devices require significant device resources and disrupt services, as they often necessitate live migration and system restarts, which are not suitable for carrier-class virtualization products that demand high reliability.

Innovation Solution

A method that utilizes a hypercall interface to load an upgrade file into the Hypervisor's address space, replacing instructions in the target function with an interrupt instruction, and upon a breakpoint exception, swaps it with a jump instruction to direct execution to the upgrade function, allowing online upgrades without service migration and resource-intensive processes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If live migration technology is used to upgrade Hypervisor components, then system reliability is improved, but device resource occupation increases and service continuity is affected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem reliabilityVSAvoiddevice resource occupation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the upgrade process from the traditional live migration framework, allowing the Hypervisor component to be upgraded in-place by directly replacing instructions in the running Hypervisor's address space, thereby eliminating the need to migrate services to another device during upgrade

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses an intermediary mechanism (exception handling and instruction replacement) to facilitate the upgrade process. By inserting interrupt instructions that trigger exceptions, the system can safely replace Hypervisor instructions without causing service disruption, acting as a mediator between the upgrade process and running services

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If system restart is performed to upgrade Hypervisor components, then system security is improved, but service continuity deteriorates and upgrade time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem securityVSAvoidupgrade time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary actions by loading the upgrade file and replacing instructions with interrupt instructions before actually executing the upgrade logic. This allows the system to prepare the upgrade in advance and execute it atomically, avoiding service interruption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent ensures continuity of useful action by maintaining service operation throughout the upgrade process. The Hypervisor continues to manage virtual machines and handle requests while instructions are being replaced, ensuring no gap in service delivery

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Stability of the object's composition

If component replacement and system restart are used to repair system functions, then system stability is improved, but resource occupation increases and service impact worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem stabilityVSAvoidservice impact
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamics into the upgrade process by using runtime instruction replacement rather than static component replacement. The Hypervisor can be upgraded while dynamically running, with instructions being swapped out and activated on-the-fly through exception mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the mechanical system of physical component replacement and system restart with a software-based instruction replacement mechanism. Instead of physically replacing components or restarting the system, the upgrade is achieved by modifying instruction sequences in memory

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentEP2557498B1Updating method and computer system for hypervisor components
Publication Date: 2015.05.20 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP2557498B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2557498B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2557498B1 patent drawingFigure 3-a

AI summary

A method for upgrading a Hypervisor component and a computer system are disclosed. The method for upgrading a Hypervisor component includes: calling, by a kernel of a virtual machine, a hypercall interface of a Hypervisor, and loading an upgrade file to an address space of the Hypervisor, where the upgrade file is used for upgrading a target function in a Hypervisor component; calling, by the kernel of the virtual machine, the hypercall interface of the Hypervisor, and replacing an instruction at a starting position of the target function in the Hypervisor component that needs to be upgraded with a first interrupt instruction; and if it is judged by an interrupt processing program included in the kernel of the virtual machine that a breakpoint exception is caused by the first interrupt instruction, calling, by the kernel of the virtual machine, the hypercall interface of the Hypervisor, and replacing the first interrupt instruction with a jump instruction that is required for the upgrade, so as to upgrade the target function in the Hypervisor component that needs to be upgraded to the upgrade function. With the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, a device resource that upgrading the Hypervisor component needs to occupy can be reduced, and an impact caused by the upgrade on a service can be mitigated.