IC Card Power Control Using Proximity Detection and Battery Timing
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Solution Overview
Problem
IC cards with built-in batteries face inefficiencies in controlling discharging and charging, leading to unnecessary power consumption and ineffective power management, especially when requiring high power for functions like fingerprint authentication.
Innovation Solution
An IC card system that includes a proximity detection circuit, near-field communication circuit, electronic function circuit, and power supply control circuit, which manages and controls the presence and timing of power supply from an electricity storage device to the electronic function circuit, optimizing power usage by enabling power supply only when necessary and charging the battery efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If an internal battery is added to provide high power for electronic functions, then power availability is improved, but power management efficiency deteriorates due to ineffective discharging and charging control
Solution Approach 1:
The proximity detection circuit detects the reader's presence in advance before the IC card needs to perform high-power operations. The power supply control circuit uses this advance detection to proactively manage battery charging and discharging, ensuring power is ready when needed while optimizing energy usage patterns before actual power consumption occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The power supply control circuit continuously monitors the proximity detection circuit's output and adjusts battery charging/discharging operations based on this feedback. When the reader is detected nearby, the system feedback-controls the power management to charge the battery; when the reader moves away, the system switches to discharging mode, creating a closed-loop control system that optimizes power efficiency.
2Power
If charging is performed every time the IC card is used, then power availability is maintained, but energy waste increases due to unnecessary charging cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply control circuit dynamically adjusts charging operations based on real-time proximity detection. Instead of static periodic charging, the system transitions between charging and discharging states dynamically according to whether a reader is detected nearby, optimizing energy usage based on actual operational needs rather than fixed schedules.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements periodic proximity detection and conditionally triggers charging only during periods when a reader is detected nearby. This transforms continuous charging into periodic, demand-based charging cycles, reducing unnecessary energy consumption while maintaining power availability when needed.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the IC card operates with high power requirements, then functional capabilities are improved, but battery discharge control becomes less efficient
Solution Approach 1:
The proximity detection circuit performs preliminary detection of the reader's presence before high-power operations are initiated. This advance detection allows the power supply control circuit to prepare the battery in advance, ensuring optimal power delivery for high-power functions while managing discharge efficiency through proactive power management.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution improves communication characteristics and reduces power consumption by effectively managing power supply and charging, ensuring efficient operation and extended battery life in IC cards.
Implementation Method 1
an IC card that communicates with a reader/writer in a non-contact manner, the reader/writer being inductive read/write communication equipment
Implementation Method 2
an electricity storage device, and a power supply control circuit. The power supply control circuit manages and controls, based on a detection result of the proximity detection circuit, presence/absence and timing of power supply from the electricity storage device to the electronic function circuit
Data Source
AI summary
An IC card communicates with a reader/writer, which is inductive read/write communication equipment, in a non-contact manner. The IC card includes a proximity detection circuit that detects a proximity state to the reader/writer, a near-field communication circuit, an electronic function circuit, an electricity storage device, and a power supply control circuit. The power supply control circuit controls, based on a detection result of the proximity detection circuit, power supply from the electricity storage device to the electronic function circuit. The IC card manages and controls presence/absence and timing of power supply from the electricity storage device to the electronic function circuit and effectively controls discharging of the electricity storage device and charging of the electricity storage device.