Backup Capacitor Control for Ignition-Off Power Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing backup power supplies, such as electric double layer capacitors and lithium ion capacitors, deteriorate when charges are accumulated for long periods or when fully charged, leading to inefficient discharge and waste of stored energy.
Innovation Solution
A backup power-supply device that includes an electric double layer capacitor or lithium ion capacitor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, switches, and a control unit to manage charging and discharging, ensuring efficient use of stored energy by preventing deterioration and optimizing power delivery to essential electronic devices during main power supply failures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the capacitor is discharged by discharge resistance when ignition is turned off, then the capacitor is prevented from deteriorating, but electric charges are discharged in a waste manner
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor serves dual purposes: it powers essential electronic devices during backup and simultaneously discharges itself through these devices, eliminating the need for separate discharge resistance and preventing waste of stored energy
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor's stored energy is utilized for multiple functions: providing backup power to essential devices and serving as a discharge path through the same devices, thereby achieving both power supply and self-discharge purposes through a single mechanism
2Reliability
If the capacitor remains fully charged for long periods, then backup power is ready, but the capacitor deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit periodically monitors capacitor charge levels and manages discharge cycles, allowing the capacitor to remain charged for extended periods while periodically utilizing its energy to power devices, thereby preventing long-term full charge deterioration
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit monitors the capacitor's charge state and automatically manages discharge through electronic devices when appropriate, creating a feedback mechanism that prevents prolonged full charge conditions while ensuring backup power readiness
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively utilizes stored energy in capacitors to power critical devices after the main power supply is cut off, preventing deterioration and ensuring continued operation of essential systems until the capacitor's energy is depleted.
Implementation Method 1
A power supply employing an electric double layer capacitor or a lithium ion capacitor has been proposed as a backup power supply
Implementation Method 2
A power supply employing an electric double layer capacitor or a lithium ion capacitor has been proposed as a backup power supply
Implementation Method 3
it is considered to discharge the electric double layer capacitor or the lithium ion capacitor by discharge resistance
Data Source
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AI summary
A backup power-supply device (3) including a control unit (35) is provided. In a case where a main power supply is normal when an ignition is turned on, the control unit (35) controls to turn on or off a charging circuit (32) to charge a capacitor (31) from the main power supply (2) so that a voltage of the capacitor (31) becomes constant at a target voltage and turns off the discharging circuit (33) to stop discharging from the capacitor (31) to a first electronic device (4). In a case where an abnormality occurs in the main power supply (2) when the ignition is turned on, the control unit (35) turns off the charging circuit (32) to stop charging from the main power supply (2) to the capacitor (31) and turns on the discharging circuit (33) to perform discharging from the capacitor to the first electronic device (4). A first switch (S1) is provided between a second electronic device (5) and the capacitor (31). The control unit (35) turns on the discharging circuit (33) and the first switch (S1) and turns off the charging circuit (32) after the ignition is turned off to perform discharging from the capacitor (31) to the second electronic device (5).