Image-Guided Navigation for Percutaneous Biopsy Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Computed tomography (CT)-guided needle biopsies for lung cancer diagnosis lack real-time imaging and tracking, which can lead to inaccuracies in targeting lung nodules due to deformation of the lungs during the procedure and lower quality fluoroscopic images compared to CT images.
Innovation Solution
The method involves performing fluoroscopic sweeps to generate 3D reconstructions, overlaying planned trajectories on live fluoroscopic images, and registering these with preoperative CT images to provide real-time guidance for percutaneously-inserted devices, ensuring accurate targeting of lung nodules by combining the strengths of both imaging modalities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If CT imaging is used for needle biopsy guidance, then spatial resolution and tissue contrast are improved, but real-time imaging and tracking capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines CT imaging (for high spatial resolution and tissue contrast) with fluoroscopic imaging (for real-time capability) into a hybrid navigation system. The system integrates preoperative CT scans for accurate target localization with intraoperative fluoroscopy for real-time tracking, merging the strengths of both modalities to resolve the contradiction between measurement precision and real-time imaging speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces fluoroscopic imaging as an intermediary modality that bridges the gap between preoperative CT planning and intraoperative real-time guidance. By using fluoroscopy as a mediator with real-time capabilities, the system maintains the high precision of CT while adding the missing real-time tracking function.
2Speed
If fluoroscopic imaging is used for real-time guidance, then real-time tracking capability is improved, but image quality and tissue contrast deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges fluoroscopic imaging (providing real-time tracking) with CT imaging (providing high image quality and tissue contrast). The navigation system uses fluoroscopy for real-time guidance while referencing the high-quality anatomical details from preoperative CT scans, thereby combining the real-time capability of fluoroscopy with the superior image quality of CT.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preoperative CT scanning and trajectory planning before the actual biopsy procedure. This preliminary action captures high-quality anatomical information and critical structure locations in advance, which are then used to guide the real-time fluoroscopic imaging during the procedure, ensuring high image quality without compromising real-time tracking.
3Ease of operation
If CT-guided biopsy is performed without real-time tracking, then procedural simplicity is maintained, but targeting accuracy deteriorates due to lung deformation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements real-time fluoroscopic feedback during the biopsy procedure to monitor needle position and trajectory. This feedback mechanism allows the operator to adjust the needle path in response to lung deformation, maintaining targeting accuracy while keeping the procedure relatively simple through visual guidance without requiring complex additional equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from static preoperative CT planning to dynamic real-time fluoroscopic guidance. By using real-time imaging that adapts to changing lung positions during the procedure, the system maintains procedural simplicity while significantly improving targeting accuracy through dynamic adjustment capabilities.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy and safety of biopsies by providing real-time tracking and movement perception, aligning fluoroscopic and CT images to ensure precise placement of biopsy needles, thereby improving the diagnostic efficacy of lung nodule biopsies.
Implementation Method 1
performing a fluoroscopic sweep of at least a portion of a patient's body that includes a target area to obtain fluoroscopic images
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for image-guided medical procedures use fluoroscopic 3D reconstructions to plan and navigate a percutaneously-inserted device such as a biopsy tool from an entry point to a target.