Image Reconstruction Using Periodic Illumination Modulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional image reconstruction methods face limitations in achieving high-quality images using simple lenses, especially with wavelength-dependent aberrations and extreme zoom settings, as they struggle to compensate for optical aberrations like astigmatism and defocus, leading to image noise and artefacts, and are limited in multispectral reconstruction.
Innovation Solution
The method involves capturing multiple single images with different optical transfer functions by manipulating pupil aberrations and using periodic illumination patterns to shift spatial frequencies, allowing for digital compensation of aberrations and multispectral reconstruction, even with simple lenses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high-quality lenses are used to achieve better image quality, then image quality is improved, but cost price increases substantially and installation space and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates multiple copies of the same object at different spatial frequencies by modulating the illumination. Instead of using a single high-quality lens, the system captures multiple images with a simpler lens, each containing different frequency information, and reconstructs the high-quality image computationally from these copies
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical solution (high-quality lenses with precise aberration correction) with a computational approach. By using periodic illumination modulation and mathematical reconstruction algorithms, the system achieves high image quality without requiring expensive, complex optical hardware
2Measurement precision
If conventional deconvolution methods are used to compensate optical aberrations with simpler lenses, then some aberration compensation is achieved, but image artefacts and noise increase when MTF contrast is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-modulating the illumination with periodic patterns before image capture. This encoding of spatial frequency information into the illumination pattern allows the reconstruction algorithm to separately recover different frequency components, avoiding the artefacts that occur when trying to deconvolve low-contrast frequencies from a single image
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the image acquisition process into multiple captures, each emphasizing different spatial frequency ranges through illumination modulation. By dividing the frequency spectrum across multiple images and reconstructing them separately, the system avoids the artefacts that arise from attempting to recover all frequencies from a single degraded image
3Measurement precision
If polychromatic PSF is used for deconvolution to account for wavelength variation, then some wavelength dependence is compensated, but transverse chromatic aberrations within color channels persist and spectral resolution is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses periodic modulation of the illumination intensity as a function of wavelength, with the modulation frequency varying across the spectrum. This periodic encoding allows the reconstruction algorithm to separate and resolve different wavelength components with high precision, achieving spectral resolution far exceeding the capabilities of conventional polychromatic deconvolution methods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the illumination parameters dynamically - specifically modulating the spectral intensity distribution with periodic patterns across different wavelength ranges. This parameter modulation enables the system to encode and subsequently decode high-resolution spectral information, overcoming the limitations of fixed polychromatic PSF approaches
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for image reconstruction comprises an optical system and a control means for controlling the optical system, which control means is configured to control the optical system, for the capture of a plurality of single images, in such a manner that at least one parameter of the optical system is different upon capture of at least two single images. The apparatus comprises a processing device for digitally reconstructing an image in dependence on the plurality of single images and in dependence on information about optical transfer functions of the optical system upon capture of the plurality of single images.