Solid-State Image Sensor Pixel Layout for HDR and Phase Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid-state imaging devices face challenges in simultaneously achieving high dynamic range image generation and phase difference detection due to the trade-off between lens curvature for phase difference characteristics and HDR image quality.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a solid-state imaging device configuration that allows for the simultaneous acquisition of signals for generating high dynamic range images and detecting phase differences by optimizing the pixel structure and lens arrangement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the curvature of the on-chip lens is increased to increase the refractive power, then phase difference characteristics are improved, but HDR image generation becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The imaging device divides the pixel array into multiple regions, with some pixels configured for phase difference detection (with higher curvature lenses) and other pixels configured for HDR imaging (with lower curvature lenses). This segmentation allows both functions to coexist without mutual interference.
Solution Approach 2:
Different on-chip lenses are designed with different curvatures according to their specific functional requirements. Phase difference detection pixels receive lenses with higher curvature for better angle dependence, while HDR pixels receive lenses with lower curvature for reduced angle dependence. Each local region has optimized quality for its intended purpose.
2Reliability
If the curvature of the on-chip lens is reduced to reduce the refractive power, then HDR image generation is improved, but phase difference characteristics are deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel array is segmented into functional groups where HDR-optimized pixels (with lower curvature lenses) and phase difference-optimized pixels (with higher curvature lenses) are distributed throughout the array, allowing both imaging modes to operate simultaneously at full resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
Each pixel's on-chip lens curvature is locally optimized based on its intended function. HDR imaging pixels use lenses with curvature designed to minimize angle dependence effects, while phase difference detection pixels use lenses with curvature designed to maximize angle dependence for accurate focus detection.
3Adaptability or versatility
If a lens structure with variable curvature is used to achieve both characteristics, then both phase difference and HDR characteristics can be achieved, but the structure is sensitive to shape variation and difficult to produce in large quantities
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of creating a single complex variable curvature lens structure that is difficult to manufacture, the patent segments the pixel array and assigns different fixed-curvature lenses to different pixel groups. This approach maintains mass production feasibility while achieving dual functionality through spatial distribution of specialized pixels.
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging device achieves multi-functionality not through a universal lens structure, but through a universal pixel array where different pixels are specialized for different functions. The overall system becomes multi-functional by combining multiple specialized pixel types, each with simple, manufacturable lens structures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables the device to effectively capture high dynamic range images while maintaining robust phase difference detection capabilities, overcoming the limitations of previous technologies.
Implementation Method 1
each pixel including a plurality of photodiodes PD
Data Source
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AI summary
The present technology relates to a solid-state imaging device and an electronic apparatus that enable simultaneous acquisition of a signal for generating a high dynamic range image and a signal for detecting a phase difference. The solid-state imaging device includes a plurality of pixel sets each including color filters of the same color, for a plurality of colors, each pixel set including a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes a plurality of photodiodes PD. The present technology can be applied, for example, to a solid-state imaging device that generates a high dynamic range image and detects a phase difference, and the like.