Image Sensor Shading Correction for Focus Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing image capturing systems face challenges in achieving accurate focus detection due to differences in light reception and shading correction between normal pixels and focus detection pixels, leading to decreased image quality and longer calculation times for defocus amounts.

Innovation Solution

An image capturing apparatus and method that utilize separate shading correction data and coefficients for normal pixels and focus detection pixels, allowing for efficient and accurate shading correction and focus detection by distinguishing between different pixel types and applying optimized correction methods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If separate shading correction data and coefficients are stored for each pixel type (imaging pixels, first focus detection pixels, second focus detection pixels), then focus detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity and memory requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefocus detection accuracyVSAvoidcorrection data management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the image sensor pixels into three distinct types (imaging pixels, first focus detection pixels, second focus detection pixels) and stores separate shading correction data for each type. This segmentation allows each pixel type to be corrected with data optimized for its specific light reception characteristics, thereby improving focus detection accuracy while managing complexity through systematic organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies the principle of local quality by providing customized shading correction data for each pixel type based on their specific positions and light reception properties. Imaging pixels receive correction data suited for image capture, while focus detection pixels receive correction data optimized for phase difference measurement, ensuring each component receives appropriate correction tailored to its function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Manufacturing precision

If separate shading correction data is stored for each pixel type, then image quality is improved, but storage memory capacity requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoidstorage memory capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The correction data is segmented by pixel type, with separate storage areas allocated for imaging pixels, first focus detection pixels, and second focus detection pixels. This organized segmentation improves image quality through targeted correction while enabling efficient memory management through structured data organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Measurement precision

If focus detection pixels have openings offset from microlens optical axes to receive pupil-divided light, then focus detection capability is improved, but light reception efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefocus detection capabilityVSAvoidlight reception efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the potential harm of reduced light reception efficiency into a benefit by deliberately offsetting the openings of focus detection pixels from the microlens optical axes. This offset allows the pixels to receive pupil-divided light from different directions, which is essential for phase difference detection. The shading correction data further compensates for the reduced light reception, transforming the disadvantage into an advantage for focus detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables high-accuracy focus detection and reduces the time required for calculating defocus amounts by optimizing shading correction for each pixel type, improving image quality and processing efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

an image sensor for collecting via a microlens light incident through an optical system to capture an image

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight focusing: Lens

Implementation Method 2

a photoelectric conversion unit group including a plurality of photoelectric conversion units

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric conversion: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2809063B1Image capturing apparatus and image processing method
Publication Date: 2016.08.24 CANON KK
  • EP2809063B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2809063B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2809063B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An image capturing apparatus comprises an image sensor compring an imaging pixel for receiving light through an opening with a center position coincident with the optical axis of a microlens, first and second focus detection pixels for receiving pupil-divided light through a first and second opening offset in first and second directions from the optical axis of a microlens, respectively; ROM for storing shading correction data; correction coefficient generation unit for generating shading correction coefficients respectively for the imaging pixel, and the first and second focus detection pixels from the shading correction data; and correction unit for subjecting a signal for the imaging pixel to shading correction with the use of the shading correction coefficient for the imaging pixel, and subjecting signals for the first and second focus detection pixels to shading correction with the use of the shading correction coefficients for the first and second focus detection pixels.