Solid-State Imaging Device Variable Charge Transfer Gain Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid-state imaging devices that transfer charges from a photoelectric converter to a holding portion multiple times during an exposure period often experience a decrease in image quality, with no prior solutions addressing this issue effectively.
Innovation Solution
A solid-state imaging device and method that control the transfer of charges from a photoelectric converter to a holding unit by adjusting the number of transfers and gain settings, allowing for optimal charge accumulation and readout while maintaining image quality, using a global electronic shutter operation with multiple transfer periods and adjusting the gain of the signal processing unit based on the number of transfers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If charges are transferred from photoelectric converter to holding unit multiple times during exposure period, then saturation charge amount increases and pixel size can be suppressed, but image quality decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the number of charge transfer operations variable rather than fixed. The transfer control unit dynamically adjusts the number of transfers based on capturing conditions, allowing the system to optimize between saturation charge amount and image quality in real-time. This resolves the contradiction by enabling adaptive operation where multiple transfers can be used when high charge amount is needed, while single transfers preserve image quality when conditions permit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of transfer operation count from a fixed value to a variable parameter controlled by capturing conditions. By adjusting this parameter dynamically, the system can achieve high saturation charge amount when multiple transfers are performed, while maintaining image quality when fewer transfers are used. The amplifier gain is also adjusted as a corresponding parameter to maintain signal quality.
2Quantity of substance
If multiple charge transfer operations are performed during exposure period, then saturation charge amount increases, but noise increases and power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the number of charge transfer operations based on actual capturing conditions rather than performing fixed multiple transfers. This allows the system to achieve necessary saturation charge amount while minimizing the number of transfers, thereby reducing noise generation and power consumption associated with repeated transfer operations.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of always performing multiple charge transfers, the system applies partial action by using only the necessary number of transfers required to achieve adequate saturation charge amount. This avoids excessive transfer operations that would generate unnecessary noise and consume additional power, while still achieving the required charge accumulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach ensures a high-quality image capture by maintaining the saturation charge amount of the pixel without increasing pixel size, effectively distributing charge accumulation time, and reducing noise, thus addressing the decrease in image quality associated with multiple charge transfers.
Implementation Method 1
a photoelectric converter configured to generate charges by photoelectric conversion
Data Source
Figure 1
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Figure 4
AI summary
A solid-state imaging device includes pixels each of which includes a photoelectric converter configured to generate charges by photoelectric conversion, a holding unit configured to hold charges generated by the photoelectric converter, and a transfer unit configured to transfer charges from the photoelectric converter to the holding unit, and outputs a signal based on charges in the holding unit, a transfer control unit configured to control the transfer unit to transfer charges generated by the photoelectric converter during one exposure period to the holding unit by a variable number, which is one or greater, of transfer operations, an amplifier unit configured to amplify the signal, and a control unit configured to control a gain of the amplifier unit to be a first gain when the number of transfer operations is first number and to be a second gain when the number of transfer operations is a second number.