Imaging-Guided Laser Surgical System for Precise Photodisruption
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Solution Overview
Problem
High repetition rate laser surgical systems face challenges in precise control and aiming of laser pulses due to the small effects of each pulse and the need for rapid delivery to multiple treatment areas, making manual targeting inadequate for achieving the required precision and speed.
Innovation Solution
An imaging-guided laser surgical system that uses an applanation plate to provide a stable optical interface and an optical imaging device to capture images of the target tissue, allowing for dynamic control of the laser beam's position and focus based on real-time imaging information, enabling precise localization and alignment of laser pulses within the tissue.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high repetition rate laser pulses are used for rapid tissue treatment, then productivity is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to difficulty in precise beam positioning
Solution Approach 1:
The system captures images of photodisruption byproducts generated by laser pulses and uses this imaging feedback to dynamically adjust and update the beam position. The controller processes the captured images and modifies subsequent laser pulse positioning based on the actual byproduct locations, creating a closed-loop feedback system that maintains precision despite high repetition rates
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces manual mechanical aiming and positioning mechanisms with an automated imaging-guided control system. Instead of relying on mechanical precision in beam steering, the system uses optical imaging to detect byproduct positions and automatically calculates and applies position corrections, substituting mechanical precision requirements with optical detection and computational control
2Device complexity
If manual targeting methods are used for laser beam aiming, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to inability to achieve required precision and speed
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces an intermediary imaging device that captures images of photodisruption byproducts as an intermediate step between laser pulse delivery and position correction. This intermediary imaging step provides objective feedback about actual beam positioning, enabling precise adjustments without requiring complex direct measurement systems
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the photodisruption byproducts themselves as the feedback signal for position correction. Instead of requiring separate targeting verification systems, the laser treatment process generates its own observable byproducts that serve as natural markers for beam position verification and adjustment, making the system self-correcting
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and high-speed delivery of laser pulses to subsurface targets, improving the accuracy of surgical procedures by compensating for optical aberrations and nonlinear effects within the tissue, thus enhancing the precision and efficiency of laser surgery.
Implementation Method 1
laser pulses interact with a target tissue to cause one or more desired surgical effects in the tissue. One example of surgical effects is the laser-induced photodisruption, a nonlinear optical interaction between light and a tissue that causes the tissue to ionize
Implementation Method 2
an imaging device to capture light or sound from the target to create an image of the target tissue
Implementation Method 3
an optics module to receive the laser beam and to focus and direct the laser beam onto a target tissue
Implementation Method 4
an applanation plate operable to be in contact with the target tissue to produce an interface and to transmit laser pulses to the target and reflected light or sound from the target through the interface
Data Source
AI summary
Techniques, apparatus and systems for laser surgery including imaging-guided surgery techniques, apparatus and systems.