Imbalance Power Phasor Measurement in Three-Phase Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current measurement technologies for imbalance power in electrical facilities, particularly in three-phase systems, are limited by the inability to express imbalance power as a complex number, making it difficult to quantify and measure the effects of imbalances in industrial settings, as they do not account for the phase information and the contributions of component parts.
Innovation Solution
The concept of 'imbalance power phasor' is introduced, allowing for the expression of imbalance power as a complex number with a modulus representing the magnitude and an argument indicating the phase of imbalance, enabling the calculation of total imbalance power by summing the contributions of each system component, using a method that acquires and processes voltage and current data to derive active and reactive powers, and subsequently calculating the imbalance power phasor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If imbalance power is expressed as a real number only, then the measurement is simpler, but the phase information and conservation of energy principle are lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms imbalance power from a real number (one-dimensional) to a complex number with magnitude and phase angle (two-dimensional). This dimensional change enables the inclusion of phase information while maintaining conservation of energy principles, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the mathematical representation of imbalance power from a real scalar to a complex phasor with magnitude and phase angle. This parameter change allows the system to capture both the magnitude of imbalance and its phase characteristics, enabling energy conservation while adding measurement capability.
2Device complexity
If imbalance power is not expressed in complex form, then the measurement method is simpler, but the ability to sum component parts is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the electrical system into component parts (phases, loads, or subsystems) and assigns complex imbalance power values to each. These segmented values can then be summed using complex arithmetic to obtain the total imbalance power, enabling both detailed analysis and system-wide assessment.
Solution Approach 2:
The complex imbalance power phasor serves multiple functions: it represents the magnitude of imbalance, captures phase information, enables conservation of energy calculations, and allows summation across components. This multi-functionality resolves the contradiction by providing a unified representation that supports both simple measurement and complex analysis.
3Ease of operation
If only real number formulation is used, then the measurement is more straightforward, but phase information and load impact analysis are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adds a phase angle dimension to the imbalance power representation. This enables the system to capture not only how much imbalance exists but also at what phase angle, providing critical information for analyzing the impact of resistive versus reactive loads while maintaining ease of operation through standardized complex number arithmetic.
Data Source
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AI summary
Method and practical use system for measuring the imbalance potential of an electrical installation or system comprising: i) acquiring instantaneous values of voltage (vA, vB, vC) and electrical intensity (iA, iB, iC) of each of the phases A, B, C of the installation, and breaking them down into their fundamental frequency components (vA1, vB1, vC1), (iA1, iB1, iC1); ii) obtaining effective voltage and intensity values and angles for initial phase difference between voltage and intensity, and, starting from these effective values obtaining active powers (PA, PB, PC) and reactive (QA, QB, QC) potentials for each of the phases; iii) from the active and reactive potentials, obtaining (4) a phasor imbalance potentials (AU) according to the following expression: A‾U=2p⋅PA+a2PB+aPC+q‾⋅QA+a2QB+aQC where a = 1 | 120° and p and q are orthogonal unit phasors. The invention also relates to a device for calibrating (21) instruments for measurement instruments of this imbalance power.