Imide Salt Synthesis via Halide Substitution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for producing bis(halogenated sulfonyl)imide or bis(dihalogenated phosphoryl)imide compounds are hindered by the use of toxic and costly reagents, leading to low yields and difficulties in large-scale industrial production due to the need for separation of highly toxic by-products.
Innovation Solution
Reacting an alkali metal fluoride with a sulfuryl halide or phosphoryl halide and ammonia or an ammonium salt under specific conditions, such as altering the order of reagent addition and controlling reaction temperature, to produce imide salts with high selectivity and yield.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fluorosulfonic acid is used to produce bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, then the product can be obtained, but the process becomes difficult to separate due to high toxicity and corrosiveness, lowering the yield
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive and hazardous reagents (fluorosulfonic acid, arsenic trifluoride, antimony trifluoride) with cheaper, safer alternatives (sulfuryl halides, phosphoryl halides, alkali metal fluorides). This substitution eliminates the need for complex separation procedures while maintaining product yield, directly addressing the harm caused by toxic and corrosive substances
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the reaction system by using different reagents with different properties. Specifically, it uses sulfuryl halides and phosphoryl halides instead of fluorosulfonic acid, and alkali metal fluorides instead of arsenic or antimony trifluorides. This parameter change transforms the reaction conditions to be safer and easier to handle while maintaining effectiveness
2Reliability
If arsenic trifluoride or antimony trifluoride is used to produce bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, then the product can be obtained, but the cost increases and industrial mass production becomes disadvantageous
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes expensive reagents (arsenic trifluoride, antimony trifluoride) with inexpensive alternatives (alkali metal fluorides like lithium fluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride). This substitution dramatically reduces raw material costs while maintaining product quality and yield, making industrial mass production economically viable
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the harmful and expensive elements (arsenic, antimony) from the reaction system, replacing them with safe and inexpensive alternatives (alkali metals). This extraction eliminates the cost burden while preserving the desired chemical transformation
3Reliability
If chlorosulfonylisocyanate or N-chlorosulfonyl trichlorophosphazene is used to produce bis(chlorosulfonyl)imide, then the product can be obtained, but the cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces costly reagents (chlorosulfonylisocyanate, N-chlorosulfonyl trichlorophosphazene) with inexpensive alternatives (sulfuryl chloride, phosphoryl halides). This substitution maintains product obtainability while significantly reducing raw material costs, making the process economically attractive for industrial application
4Reliability
If silazane derivative is used to produce bis(halogenated sulfonyl)imide derivative, then the product can be obtained, but the method becomes expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes expensive silazane derivatives with inexpensive alkali metal fluorides. This substitution maintains the ability to obtain the desired imide product while dramatically reducing the cost of nitrogen source reagents, making the overall process more economical for industrial production
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for the production of imide salts at high yield and low cost, suppressing the formation of by-products and enabling industrial-scale production, with sulfuryl halide or phosphoryl halide being inexpensive and easier to handle in large quantities.
Implementation Method 1
reacting an alkali metal fluoride, a sulfuryl halide or phosphoryl halide, and ammonia or an ammonium salt
Data Source
AI summary
To provide an imide salt represented by the formulawherein, R represents a halosulfonyl group (—SO2X1 where X1 is a halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine) or dihalophosphoryl group (—POX2X3 where X2 and X3 are the same or different halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine), and M represents an alkali metal;with high selectivity and high efficiency by using a low-cost starting material.In the production of an imide salt, an alkali metal fluoride, a sulfuryl halide or phosphoryl halide, and ammonia or an ammonium salt are reacted. According to this method, a desired imide salt can be produced with high yield, while greatly suppressing the production of a by-product.