Immersion Battery Cooling Fluid Composition for Fast-Charging Heat Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Electric and hybrid vehicle batteries face challenges in maintaining optimal operating temperatures, especially during fast charging, due to high heat flux requirements, which can lead to reduced efficiency, safety concerns, and increased costs, as existing cooling methods using dielectric oils are insufficient and may require reinforcement of the battery casing.

Innovation Solution

A heat-transfer composition comprising a mixture of halogenated hydrocarbons, perhalogenated compounds, fluorinated ketones, and fluorinated ethers as refrigerants combined with dielectric fluids, which circulates in a heat-transfer circuit to regulate battery temperature without significant state change, enhancing cooling efficiency and safety while reducing costs and weight constraints.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If dielectric oils are used to cool the battery, then the battery cooling function is provided, but the cooling efficiency is insufficient during fast charging

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecooling efficiencyVSAvoidbattery safety

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the cooling fluid by formulating a specific composition ratio of dielectric oil (60-80 wt%), refrigerant (15-35 wt%), and additive (2-8 wt%). This parameter optimization enables the fluid to achieve both high cooling efficiency and adequate dielectric strength, resolving the contradiction between cooling performance and battery safety during fast charging operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If more volatile and less viscous fluids are used to improve cooling efficiency, then the cooling performance increases, but the vapor pressure increases requiring reinforcement of battery casing

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecooling performanceVSAvoidvapor pressure

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite cooling fluid by combining dielectric oil base stock with refrigerant and additive components. This composite formulation achieves optimal balance between volatility (for cooling efficiency) and vapor pressure (for structural integrity), eliminating the need for battery casing reinforcement while maintaining high cooling performance during fast charging.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

3Temperature

If refrigerants with higher volatility are used to enhance heat transfer, then the heat transfer efficiency improves, but the flammability risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveheat transfer efficiencyVSAvoidflammability risk

Core Design Contradiction:

TemperatureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a dielectric oil base stock as an intermediary carrier that contains the refrigerant and additive components. This intermediary medium provides fire suppression properties while enabling efficient heat transfer through the refrigerant's volatility, thus resolving the contradiction between heat transfer efficiency and flammability risk in the cooling system.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Strength

If the battery casing is reinforced to withstand higher pressure, then the structural strength increases, but the weight and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecasing strengthVSAvoidbattery weight

Core Design Contradiction:

StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a cost-effective cooling fluid formulation using commercially available dielectric oil base stocks combined with refrigerants and additives, replacing the need for expensive reinforced battery casings. This economical solution achieves the required pressure containment through fluid composition optimization rather than structural reinforcement, reducing both weight and manufacturing cost.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides efficient temperature regulation for electric vehicle batteries, ensuring safe and long-lasting performance during fast charging without increasing costs, by using a composition that is non-flammable and has improved dielectric properties, thereby maintaining optimal battery operation and safety.

Implementation Method 1

The invention relates to the use of a heat-transfer composition comprising at least one refrigerant and at least one dielectric fluid for regulating the temperature of a battery

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the heat-transfer composition circulates in a heat-transfer circuit to regulate battery temperature

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentUS20230369680A1Thermal regulation of a battery by immersion in a liquid composition

Publication Date: 2023.11.16 ARKEMA FRANCE SA

AI summary

The use of a heat-transfer composition including from more than 0% to 40% by weight of a refrigerant including a compound chosen from halogenated hydrocarbons, perhalogenated compounds, fluorinated ketones, fluorinated ethers and the combinations thereof, and from 60% to less than 100% by weight of a dielectric fluid, in order to regulate the temperature of a battery, the battery including energy storage cells immersed in the heat-transfer composition in the liquid state, and the heat-transfer composition undergoing essentially no change of state.