Immersion Cooling Condenser Layout for Pressure-Stable Electronics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cooling systems for electronic components immersed in two-phase heat transfer fluids face challenges in efficiently managing pressure differentials and structural stability, particularly when operating under vacuum or positive pressure conditions, which affect boiling point and system integrity.
Innovation Solution
A pressure-controlled container with a modular heat exchanger device comprising tube bundles and tube sheets, where heat exchanger tubes are fixed to the container wall, stabilizing the structure and allowing for flexible module exchange, and incorporating fiber-optic interfaces and sensors for safe operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a condensation chamber is located completely inside the cooling basin, then the system structure is simplified, but the maintenance and repair access becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling system is divided into separate modular components: the cooling basin containing liquid heat transfer fluid, and the condensation chamber positioned externally. This segmentation allows the condensation chamber to be accessed, maintained, and repaired independently without draining the cooling basin or disassembling the entire system, thus resolving the contradiction between structural simplicity and maintenance accessibility.
Solution Approach 2:
Connection tubes serve as intermediaries between the cooling basin and the external condensation chamber. These tubes allow the gaseous heat transfer fluid to be transported from the basin to the condensation chamber for liquefaction, enabling the condensation chamber to be positioned outside the basin while maintaining functional integration. This resolves the contradiction by providing structural simplicity through external positioning while ensuring maintenance access through tube connections.
2Productivity
If the internal pressure is reduced to increase cooling capacity, then the boiling point of the heat transfer fluid is lowered, but the structural integrity of the container is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The condensation chamber is extracted from the pressure-controlled environment of the cooling basin and positioned externally. This allows the basin to be operated at reduced pressure for enhanced cooling capacity while the condensation chamber operates at atmospheric pressure, eliminating the need for the entire system to withstand pressure differentials. This resolves the contradiction by separating the pressure-control function from the condensation function.
Solution Approach 2:
Different parts of the system operate under different pressure conditions: the cooling basin operates at reduced pressure to maximize cooling capacity, while the condensation chamber operates at atmospheric pressure to maintain structural integrity. The connection tubes between these parts are designed to handle the pressure differential locally. This local differentiation of pressure conditions resolves the contradiction between enhanced cooling capacity and structural integrity.
3Stability of the object's composition
If heat exchanger tubes are fixed to the container wall, then the structural stability is improved, but the flexibility for module exchange is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The heat exchanger system is segmented into the cooling basin with integrated tube sheets and the separate condensation chamber. The tube sheets are fixed to the basin wall for structural stability, while the condensation chamber remains a separate module that can be removed and replaced. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by providing stable mounting for the tube sheets while maintaining flexibility for exchanging the condensation chamber module.
Solution Approach 2:
The system design allows the condensation chamber to be dynamically removable and replaceable, while the tube sheets remain statically fixed to the basin wall. This dynamic capability enables module exchange flexibility without compromising the structural stability provided by the fixed tube sheet connections. The flexible connection through tubes allows the system to adapt to maintenance and replacement needs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances cooling efficiency by controlling pressure to reduce boiling point, maintains system integrity under varying pressures, and facilitates easy component exchange and maintenance, while minimizing leakage risks.
Implementation Method 1
A heat exchanger device in the gas space of the container for the purposes of forming liquid heat transfer fluid
Implementation Method 2
The heat exchanger device in the gas space consists of at least one tube bundle of a plurality of heat exchanger tubes
Implementation Method 3
When the components are immersed into a two-phase heat transfer fluid, which generally has a low boiling point, the heat generated by the electronic component can vaporize the surrounding liquid heat transfer fluid, whereby heat is dissipated from the electronic component
Implementation Method 4
the heat generated by the electronic component can vaporize the surrounding liquid heat transfer fluid, whereby heat is dissipated from the electronic component
Implementation Method 5
The internal pressure is reduced to 650 hPa in the interior of the pressure-controlled container. The user can influence the temperature at which the dielectric liquid is vaporized by controlling the pressure in the container
Implementation Method 6
the heat generated by the electronic component can vaporize the surrounding liquid heat transfer fluid, whereby heat is dissipated from the electronic component
Data Source
AI summary
Cooling system for the liquid immersion cooling of electronic components, including a container with an interior fillable with two-phase heat transfer fluid, into which container electronic components can be immersed. The container has a gas space above a surface of the heat transfer fluid, and a heat exchanger device is disposed in the gas space for forming liquid heat transfer fluid. The heat exchanger device has at least one tube bundle including a plurality of heat exchanger tubes fixed in at least one tube sheet. The at least one tube sheet of the at least one tube bundle is formed as part of a container wall of the container.