Immersion Dual-Cycle Liquid Cooling for Data Centers

The system changes the phase parameter of the cooling medium from gas (air cooling) to liquid (immersion cooling) to dramatically improve cooling efficiency. The fluorinated liquid absorbs heat through phase change from liquid to gas, providing superior cooling performance compared to air cooling while maintaining manageable system complexity.

The patent utilizes phase transition of fluorinated liquid from liquid to gas state to absorb server heat. The liquid fluorinated coolant contacts server components directly, absorbs heat through phase change, and the vapor is then condensed back to liquid in the heat exchanger, creating a continuous high-efficiency cooling cycle that far exceeds air cooling capabilities.

The patent designs a universal cooling system that can accommodate multiple types of fluorinated coolants (different specifications and boiling points) through a standardized dual-cycle architecture. The system's heat exchanger and circulation components are designed to handle various coolant properties, making the system versatile for different server configurations and cooling requirements while maintaining relatively simple operation through automated control.

The system dynamically adjusts operating parameters such as coolant circulation rate, heat exchanger activation, and phase change conditions based on the specific coolant type and server load. This dynamic adaptation allows the same physical system to optimize performance for different fluorinated liquid specifications without requiring physical reconfiguration.

The patent implements a dynamic dual-cycle cooling system that automatically adjusts between single-phase and two-phase cooling modes based on real-time server load and temperature conditions. The system activates or deactivates specific circulation loops and heat exchanger components as needed, optimizing energy consumption by providing only the cooling capacity required at any given moment rather than running at fixed high capacity.

The cooling system incorporates temperature sensors and control logic that continuously monitor server thermal conditions and adjust coolant circulation accordingly. When servers operate at low loads, the feedback mechanism reduces coolant flow or switches to lower-intensity cooling modes, preventing excessive cooling and energy waste while maintaining adequate thermal management.

The patent employs immersion cooling with phase change of fluorinated liquid, where the liquid directly contacts server components and absorbs heat through phase change from liquid to gas. This provides vastly superior heat transfer efficiency compared to heat pipes because the entire server surface is in contact with the cooling medium, not just limited contact points, and phase change absorbs much more heat per unit mass.

The system uses liquid hydraulics (fluorinated liquid circulation) instead of vapor-based heat pipes. The liquid coolant is pumped through channels and directly contacts server components, providing continuous and uniform heat removal across large surface areas, overcoming the limited contact area constraint of heat pipe technology.