Immunoaffinity Hemoperfusion Cartridge for Versatile Pathogen Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing extracorporeal methods for removing pathogens from blood, such as CTCs and viruses, are limited in their adaptability and efficiency, often requiring specific pathogen-recognition molecules that are not versatile enough to handle a broad range of pathogens and toxins.
Innovation Solution
A hemoperfusion system combining affinity chromatography with high-throughput hemoperfusion, using beads of 300-500 μm diameter with capturing molecules on their surface, adaptable to various pathogens, housed in a cartridge with specific meshes for efficient blood perfusion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If specific pathogen-recognition molecules are used for capturing, then capture efficiency for a specific pathogen is improved, but adaptability to various different pathogens deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a universal bead platform with standardized surface chemistry that can be functionalized with different capturing molecules (antibodies, aptamers, peptides) to target various pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells. This multi-functional bead system resolves the contradiction by maintaining consistent physical performance across different pathogen types while enabling specific molecular recognition through interchangeable binding agents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes bead diameter (300-500 μm) as a critical parameter to balance capture efficiency and system versatility. This size range provides sufficient surface area for high-capacity molecular binding while maintaining appropriate flow dynamics for extracorporeal blood processing. The standardized size parameter enables consistent hydrodynamic behavior across different pathogen targeting applications.
2Quantity of substance
If high amount of activated beads are used in the cartridge, then cell capture capacity is improved, but blood flow resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully selects bead diameter (300-500 μm) to optimize the balance between capture capacity and flow resistance. Larger beads provide more surface area for pathogen binding but increase flow resistance, while smaller beads reduce resistance but decrease total binding capacity. The specified size range represents an optimal compromise that enables high-capacity capture while maintaining acceptable flow characteristics for extracorporeal circulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs mesh screens with specific pore sizes positioned at strategic locations within the cartridge to locally manage flow distribution. The mesh structure creates localized flow channels that guide blood through the bead bed, ensuring uniform distribution and preventing channeling. This local flow management enables high bead loading while maintaining acceptable overall flow resistance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides a robust and versatile platform capable of capturing a wide range of pathogens and toxins with high efficiency, ensuring rapid adaptation to different pathogens and reducing clinical risks by effectively cleansing blood.
Implementation Method 1
a high performance immunoaffinity based system for extracorporeal capture of pathogens, cancer cells and toxins from blood... beads having binding agents against specific cells in the blood
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an immuno-affinity cell capture system comprising a cartridge or column which contains a high amount of activated beads of a specific diameter having binding agents against specific cells in the blood, e.g. pathogenic cells or viruses, in a housing equipped with appropriate fittings to allow perfusion of blood whereby said cells from blood bind to the beads. Thereby removal of said cells from blood and thereby cleansing of blood becomes possible. Also the beads can preferably glass beads in the range of 300 to 500 μm. This method allows binding a very high number of cells and has a very high capacity and a highly versatile system to adapt to various different pathogens.