Immunoassay Analyzer Multi-Wavelength Discrimination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunoassay analyzers face challenges in distinguishing between normal coloring due to specific immunoreactions and abnormal coloring caused by nonspecific reactions, dust, or other factors, leading to potential erroneous determinations.
Innovation Solution
The immunoassay analyzer employs an optical detection unit that measures optical signals at multiple wavelengths, including a main wavelength and sub-wavelengths, to differentiate between specific immunoreactions and other causes of color change, using a discrimination unit to compare these signals and determine the validity of the results based on pre-defined criteria.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If visual observation is used to determine immunoreaction results, then abnormal coloring can be discriminated from normal coloring, but the determination process is time-consuming and less efficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual visual observation method with an automated optical detection system that uses multiple wavelengths to detect color changes. The optical detection unit measures absorbance at a main wavelength and sub-wavelengths, and the determination unit automatically compares these values to distinguish specific from non-specific coloring, thereby maintaining reliability while significantly improving determination efficiency.
2Productivity
If optical detection is used to determine immunoreaction results, then determination efficiency is improved, but abnormal coloring cannot be reliably discriminated from normal coloring
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the optical detection from single-wavelength measurement to multi-wavelength measurement by adding sub-wavelength detection dimensions. The optical detection unit measures absorbance at the main wavelength (e.g., 630nm for colored particles) and additional sub-wavelengths (e.g., 560nm, 480nm), creating a spectral fingerprint that enables the determination unit to distinguish specific immunoreaction coloring from non-specific abnormal coloring through comparative analysis.
3Device complexity
If single wavelength measurement is used, then the device complexity is low, but the measurement precision is insufficient to distinguish specific and non-specific colorings
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from single-wavelength absorbance to multi-wavelength absorbance spectrum. The optical detection unit measures absorbance values at multiple wavelengths (main wavelength and sub-wavelengths), and the determination unit analyzes the spectral pattern to distinguish specific from non-specific coloring. This parameter expansion significantly improves measurement precision while maintaining relatively simple device architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate discrimination between normal and abnormal colorings, reducing erroneous determinations and improving analysis accuracy by measuring absorbance or reflectance at multiple wavelengths and applying comparison criteria.
Implementation Method 1
an optical signal measurement unit for measuring an optical signal at each of two or more different wavelengths including a main wavelength for detecting the color change due to the specific immunoreaction
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an immunoassay analyzer capable of discriminating between normal coloring due to a specific immunoreaction and abnormal coloring due to a cause other than the specific immunoreaction in a measurement region of a sample analysis tool. An immunoassay analyzer 1 of the present invention includes an optical detection unit 4 and a determination unit 5. The optical detection unit 4 includes an optical signal measurement unit for measuring an optical signal at each of two or more different wavelengths including a main wavelength for detecting color change due to the specific immunoreaction and a sub-wavelength(s) other than the main wavelength. The determination unit 5 includes a discrimination unit for comparing the respective optical signals at the two or more different wavelengths and discriminating between the color change due to the specific immunoreaction and color change due to a cause other than the specific immunoreaction based on a comparison criterion determined previously.