Immunochromatography Label Size Control for Ultratrace Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional immunochromatography methods are unable to rapidly detect ultratrace amounts of analytes due to limitations in label size control and sensitivity, leading to non-specific absorption and false-positive results.
Innovation Solution
An immunochromatography method that controls the average particle size of the labeling substance to between 1 μm and 20 μm, using techniques such as amplification time, reducing agent strength, silver ion concentration, and temperature to enhance sensitivity and specificity, allowing for rapid detection of ultratrace analytes within 7 minutes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the label size is increased to improve detection sensitivity, then the detection sensitivity is improved, but non-specific absorption increases causing false-positive results
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the particle size of gold colloids within the range of 1-20 μm. This specific size parameter optimization allows the labels to be large enough for visual detection while remaining small enough to avoid non-specific absorption, thereby resolving the contradiction between detection sensitivity and false-positive rate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic control of the labeling process by adjusting multiple parameters including amplification time, reducing agent strength, silver ion concentration, and temperature. This dynamic adjustment enables real-time optimization of label size to maintain the optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity
2Ease of operation
If conventional immunochromatography methods are used, then the operation is simple and rapid, but the detection sensitivity is insufficient for ultratrace analytes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent maintains operational simplicity while enhancing detection sensitivity by changing the particle size parameter of the gold colloid labels to 1-20 μm. This parameter change enables ultratrace detection without complicating the immunochromatography procedure, allowing detection of analytes at concentrations as low as 10^-18 M
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite labeling by combining gold colloids with silver ions and reducing agents to create amplified labels. This composite approach enhances the signal intensity for ultratrace detection while maintaining the simplicity of the immunochromatography method
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the detection of trace amounts of analytes with improved sensitivity and specificity by stabilizing the label size within the optimal range, reducing non-specific absorption and false positives, and allowing for immediate and accurate diagnosis.
Implementation Method 1
amplification time, reducing agent strength, silver ion concentration, and temperature to enhance sensitivity
Implementation Method 2
the average particle size of the labeling substance to between 1 μm and 20 μm, using techniques such as amplification time
Implementation Method 3
a labeled second antibody capable of specifically binding to an analyte (for example, an antigen), and a sample solution which may possibly contain the analyte are developed on an insoluble thin film-shaped support (for example, a glass fiber membrane, a nylon membrane, or a cellulose membrane) on which a first antibody capable of specifically binding to the analyte has been immobilized
Data Source
AI summary
A object of the present invention is to provide an immunochromatography method that makes it possible to rapidly detect an ultratrace amount of an analyte that has been impossible to analyze by conventional immunochromatography methods. The present invention provides an immunochromatography method, which comprises developing an analyte and a labeling substance which is modified with a first binding substance against the analyte in a mixed state on a porous carrier and capturing the analyte and the label at a reaction site on the porous carrier having a second binding substance against the analyte or a substance capable of binding to the first binding substance against the analyte, so as to detect the analyte, wherein the labeling substance having an average particle size of 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less is detected.