Impedance-Based Cardiovascular Monitoring via Interleaved Electrodes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current physiological monitoring technologies, such as those used for ECG and EEG measurements, often require specialized equipment and medical professionals, making them costly and burdensome for various applications.
Innovation Solution
The development of multisensory biometric devices and systems that utilize impedance-based measurements, including foot impedance-based cardiovascular measurements, to quantify heart rate and pulse arrival timings, which can be performed using a CPU and memory circuit with interleaved electrodes on a platform, allowing for automatic user recognition and cardiovascular data generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional ECG measurement equipment is used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by enabling a single device to perform both body composition analysis through impedance measurement and cardiovascular monitoring through IPG signal detection. The same electrode array and signal processing circuitry serve dual purposes, eliminating the need for separate specialized equipment while maintaining measurement capabilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the cardiovascular measurement capability from traditional complex ECG equipment by implementing it through impedance measurement signals obtained during routine body composition analysis. The IPG signal is extracted from the same impedance measurement process, removing the need for separate cardiac monitoring equipment.
2Measurement precision
If traditional ECG measurement equipment is used, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges body composition analysis and cardiovascular monitoring into a single integrated process. Users simply stand on the scale as usual for body composition measurement, and the system simultaneously captures impedance signals that contain both body composition data and cardiovascular IPG signals, eliminating the need for separate procedures or specialized操作.
3Ease of operation
If impedance-based measurements are used, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback through signal processing techniques that analyze the impedance measurement signals to extract IPG waveforms. The system processes the raw impedance data, identifies cardiovascular-related signal components, and uses signal enhancement algorithms to maintain measurement precision while keeping the operation simple for users.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and cost-effective monitoring of physiological characteristics, including body composition and cardiovascular information, through impedance measurements, providing reliable and high-quality data without the need for extensive medical intervention.
Implementation Method 1
Impedance measurements can be made through the feet to measure fat percentage, muscle mass percentage and body water percentage. Additionally, foot impedance-based cardiovascular measurements can be made for an ECG and sensing the properties of blood pulsations in the arteries, also known as impedance plethysmography (IPG)
Data Source
AI summary
Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a CPU and a memory circuit that has user-corresponding data stored on the memory circuit, and a platform over which a plurality of electrodes are interleaved, and configured for engaging the user. While the plurality of electrodes is concurrently contacting a limb or other extremity of the user, measurement signals are obtained from the plurality of electrodes. Based on a plurality of impedance-measurement signals being obtained from the electrodes, signals are generated that correspond to cardiovascular timings of the user. In such aspects of the present disclosure, pulse characteristic signals are determined based on the plurality of impedance-measurement signals. One of the pulse characteristic signals is extracted, and used as a timing reference to extract and process another pulse characteristic signal.