Impedance Navigation Drift Correction via Magnetic Mapping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Electric field-based medical device navigation systems are prone to errors due to drift and shift in patient impedance levels, which existing methods like bio-impedance scaling and patch center subtraction do not fully address, and the use of a fixed reference catheter increases procedure time and risk.

Innovation Solution

A system and method that combine electric and magnetic field-based positioning systems, using an electronic control unit to determine positions for both types of sensors and apply mapping functions to correct for impedance changes without requiring an additional reference catheter.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a fixed reference catheter is used to correct impedance drift and shift, then position measurement accuracy is improved, but procedure time increases and risk of complications increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition measurement accuracyVSAvoidprocedure time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses magnetic field position measurements as a copy or reference framework to correct the electric field position measurements. Instead of using a physical reference catheter, the system creates a virtual reference based on magnetic field data, which is then used to adjust and correct the impedance-based position measurements throughout the procedure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical reference catheter system with a magnetic field-based positioning system. The magnetic sensors and field generation system substitute for the physical reference catheter, eliminating the need for additional invasive hardware while providing continuous position correction capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If a fixed reference catheter is used to correct impedance drift and shift, then position measurement accuracy is improved, but risk of complications increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition measurement accuracyVSAvoidrisk of complications
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic field position data serves as a non-invasive copy or proxy for the reference framework, eliminating the need to physically insert an additional catheter into the patient's body, thereby reducing procedural risks while maintaining correction capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The magnetic field-based system replaces the mechanical reference catheter, eliminating risks associated with catheter insertion such as vessel perforation, thrombus formation, or catheter dislodgement, while providing continuous position correction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If bio-impedance scaling and patch center subtraction are used to reduce drift and shift, then some correction is achieved, but all cases of drift and shift are not eliminated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition measurement accuracyVSAvoidcorrection capability completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic field positioning system acts as an intermediary reference framework that mediates between the electric field measurements and the patient's changing impedance conditions. It provides an impedance-independent reference that corrects the electric field measurements, overcoming the limitations of pure bio-impedance scaling methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the reference parameter from impedance-based (which varies with patient condition) to magnetic field-based (which remains stable). By using magnetic field position as the reference parameter, the system achieves more complete and reliable correction of drift and shift across all cases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach provides consistent correction of position measurement errors due to impedance changes, reducing variability and eliminating the need for an additional reference catheter, thereby minimizing procedure time and risks.

Implementation Method 1

The system is based on the principle that when electrical currents are passed through the thorax a voltage drop occurs across internal organs such as the heart and this voltage drop can be measured and used to determine the position of a medical device within the body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical impedance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

determine an operating position for a magnetic position sensor on the medical device within a second coordinate system. The second coordinate system is defined by a magnetic field based positioning system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field detection: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP2854634B1Correction of shift and drift in impedance-based medical device navigation using magnetic field information
Publication Date: 2016.04.27 ST JUDE MEDICAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DIVISION INC
  • EP2854634B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2854634B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2854634B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A system and method for navigating a medical device within a body are provided. The system includes an electronic control unit configured to determine operating positions for electrical and magnetic position sensors on the medical device within corresponding first and second coordinate systems. The first and second coordinate systems are defined by an electric field based positioning system and a magnetic field based positioning system, respectively. The magnetic position sensor is disposed proximate the electrical position sensor. The ECU is further configured to apply a mapping function correlating the operating positions which generates a mapped position for the magnetic position sensor in the first coordinate system responsive to the operating position of the magnetic position sensor in the second coordinate system. The ECU determines an adjusted operating position for the electrical position sensor in the first coordinate system responsive to the mapped position of the magnetic position sensor.