Impedance Probe for Localized Lymphoedema Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting lymphoedema, such as bioelectrical impedance, struggle to accurately and efficiently identify localized oedema due to limited resolution, making it difficult to monitor and diagnose effectively.
Innovation Solution
A probe and method for performing impedance measurements along a segment of a subject's body, using a housing with a contact surface and connector, allowing for movement to determine impedance profiles and detect the presence, absence, degree, or location of oedema by analyzing variations in impedance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If bioelectrical impedance measurements are performed using existing techniques, then oedema detection is possible, but the resolution is limited and localized oedema cannot be accurately detected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the measurement system into multiple discrete electrodes arranged along the limb, allowing impedance measurements to be taken at multiple distinct locations. This segmentation enables the detection of localized oedema by comparing impedance values across different segments, rather than providing a single averaged measurement that masks local variations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from single-point or two-point impedance measurements to a multi-dimensional array of measurement points along the limb. By distributing electrodes across multiple positions and analyzing the spatial distribution of impedance values, the system creates a profile that reveals localized abnormalities in any dimension along the limb.
2Measurement precision
If simple geometrical volume calculations are used to monitor lymphoedema, then the method is simple and low-cost, but the accuracy is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical circumference measurement methods with electrical impedance measurement technology. Instead of using physical tapes or calipers to measure limb dimensions, the system uses electrical signals to detect changes in tissue composition, providing more accurate detection of fluid accumulation without relying on external mechanical tools.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the limb itself to serve as the measurement medium through its inherent electrical properties. The biological tissues naturally conduct electrical signals, allowing the body to provide the measurement function without requiring external mechanical measuring instruments, thereby combining simplicity with enhanced accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If MRI imaging techniques are used to detect lymphoedema, then high accuracy is achieved, but the cost is too high for routine monitoring
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs inexpensive electrical electrodes and portable measurement devices that can be easily deployed and replaced, contrasting with the expensive, complex, and resource-intensive MRI infrastructure. The electrical measurement system provides sufficient accuracy for clinical monitoring at a fraction of the cost, making routine monitoring economically viable.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent measures different electrical parameters (impedance, resistance, reactance) that correlate with tissue fluid content, providing accurate oedema detection through electrical properties rather than requiring expensive magnetic resonance imaging. This parameter substitution achieves comparable diagnostic information at much lower cost.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise detection and monitoring of oedema by providing detailed impedance profiles, improving the accuracy of lymphoedema diagnosis and management.
Implementation Method 1
One existing technique for determining biological parameters relating to a subject, such as fluid levels, involves the use of bioelectrical impedance. This involves measuring the electrical impedance of a subject's body using a series of electrodes placed on the skin surface.
Data Source
AI summary
A probe for use in performing impedance measurements on a subject. The probe includes a housing for being held by an operator in use, a contact surface for contacting the subject and a connector for connecting the contact surface to a measuring device.