Centrifugal Compressor Impeller Eye Cooling via Segmented Ports

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Solution Overview

Problem

Centrifugal compressors face reduced creep life due to high temperatures, especially in the impeller eye region, where existing materials and cooling techniques fail to maintain the required 60,000-hour creep life, and traditional materials perform inadequately.

Innovation Solution

A centrifugal compressor design incorporating a shrouded impeller with a cooling medium delivered at the impeller eye through strategically arranged ports and holes, utilizing a portion of the working medium to efficiently cool the impeller eye and surrounding areas, thereby maintaining the creep life and reducing temperature.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Duration of action of stationary object

If traditional materials and cooling techniques are used in the impeller eye region, then the compressor can operate, but the creep life requirement of 60,000 hours cannot be met due to high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecreep lifeVSAvoidimpeller eye temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The impeller eye region is segmented into multiple cooling zones with strategically positioned cooling ports and internal holes, allowing localized temperature control in different areas of the impeller eye to achieve uniform cooling and extend creep life

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A cooling medium is introduced as an intermediary substance between the hot impeller eye region and the external environment. The cooling medium absorbs heat through convection and conduction, transporting it away from the impeller eye to maintain temperatures below critical thresholds for 60,000-hour creep life

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Duration of action of stationary object

If nickel-based super alloys like Inconel 738 are used to meet creep life requirements, then the creep life requirement is satisfied, but manufacturability and reparability become critical issues

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecreep lifeVSAvoidmanufacturability
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of changing the material composition to nickel-based super alloys, the invention changes the thermal parameters by introducing active cooling. This allows the use of more manufacturable materials while achieving the required 60,000-hour creep life through temperature control rather than material substitution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If cooling medium ports are strategically arranged around the impeller eye, then cooling efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling efficiencyVSAvoidcooling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling medium serves multiple functions simultaneously: it cools the impeller eye region, removes heat through convection, and can be part of the overall compressor working fluid system. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate cooling systems and minimizes overall device complexity while maintaining high cooling efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The cooling mechanism effectively reduces the temperature of the impeller eye and surrounding areas, enhancing the creep life of the impeller and improving the overall performance of the compressor by using the working medium itself for cooling, eliminating the need for separate pumping means and maintaining the composition of the working medium.

Implementation Method 1

a cooling medium is delivered at the impeller eye, to remove heat from this area of the impeller

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

The cooling medium delivered in the region of the impeller eye locally removes heat and keeps the temperature of the impeller eye and of the surrounding area under a critical value

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP2861870B1Centrifugal compressor impeller cooling
Publication Date: 2020.08.05 NUOVO PIGNONE SPA
  • EP2861870B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2861870B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2861870B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A centrifugal compressor is disclosed, comprising: a casing (41); at least one impeller (21) supported for rotation in the casing and provided with a hub (23), a shroud (25) and an impeller eye (31); an impeller-eye sealing arrangement (39), for sealing the impeller in the region of said impeller eye. The centrifugal compressor further comprises at least one cooling-medium port (53) located at the impeller-eye sealing arrangement, arranged for delivering a cooling medium around the impeller eye.