Surgical Implant Position Mapping Across Patient Bone Images
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical robotic systems require manual development of surgical plans for implanting devices, which is time-consuming and lacks precision, as each patient's anatomy varies, necessitating a more automated and accurate planning process.
Innovation Solution
A surgical implant planning computer that automatically generates and transforms surgical plans from an initial medical image to a target image, incorporating surgeon preferences, to precisely guide the implantation of devices like screws into bones.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual surgical plan development is used, then surgeon expertise and customization are applied, but the process is time-consuming and lacks precision
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by automatically generating a surgical plan based on bone contours from medical images before the actual surgery. The transformation matrix is pre-calculated to map implant positions from a reference coordinate system to the patient-specific coordinate system, enabling rapid deployment during surgery without time-consuming manual planning.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a digital copy of the patient's bone anatomy by extracting bone contours from medical images and transforming them into a coordinate system that can be overlaid with pre-planned implant positions. This digital replica allows precise positioning of implants without requiring repeated manual measurements during surgery.
2Adaptability or versatility
If manual image markup is performed for each patient, then individual patient anatomy is accommodated, but the process cannot start from a pre-established template
Solution Approach 1:
The system achieves universality by using a reference coordinate system established from bone contours that can be applied across multiple patients. The transformation matrix adapts this universal reference framework to each patient's specific anatomy by mapping their unique bone contours to the reference system, allowing the same planning methodology to serve diverse patient cases efficiently.
Solution Approach 2:
The transformation matrix serves as an intermediary that bridges the reference coordinate system (established from bone contours) and the patient-specific implant positioning requirements. It transforms coordinates from the universal reference framework to the individual patient's coordinate system, enabling automated adaptation without manual intervention for each case.
3Productivity
If automated plan transformation is implemented, then surgery time is reduced and precision is increased, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces manual mechanical planning processes with automated computational methods. Instead of surgeons manually marking up images and calculating implant positions, the system automatically extracts bone contours, calculates transformation matrices, and determines precise implant locations using computer vision and mathematical transformation algorithms, thereby increasing efficiency despite increased computational complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces surgery time and increases planning precision by automating the process and adapting plans based on individual patient anatomy.
Implementation Method 1
Infrared transmitters transmit a signal, and the reflective spherical balls reflect the signal to aid in determining the position of the object in 3D
Implementation Method 2
reflective spherical balls reflect the signal
Implementation Method 3
The surgical system can generate a transformation matrix related to transforming one or more bone contours shown in the initial image to conform to corresponding one or more bone contours in the target image
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
A surgical implant planning computer positions an implant device relative to a bone of a patient. An initial image of a bone is obtained. An initial location data structure is obtained that contains data defining mapping between locations on the implant device and corresponding locations relative to the bone in the initial image. A target image of the bone of the patient is obtained. A transformation matrix is generated that transforms a contour of a portion of the bone in the initial image to satisfy a defined rule for conforming to a contour of a corresponding portion of the bone in the target image. A transformed location data structure is generated based on applying the transformation matrix to the initial location data structure. A graphical representation of the implant device is displayed overlaid at locations on the target image of the bone determined based on the transformed location data structure.