Implantable Device EMI Signal Reconstruction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current solutions for managing electromagnetic interference (EMI) in medical devices during MRI examinations are not specific, lead to increased energy consumption, and do not ensure reliable operation or continuous monitoring of physiological parameters, as they require upgrades to both MRI devices and implants, and fail to account for other interference sources.

Innovation Solution

An at least partially implantable medical device with a unit for detecting electromagnetic interference, including sensors and a timer, a control unit connected to the detection unit, and electrode lines for delivering electrical stimulation pulses only during interference-free time windows, allowing for reconstruction of measurements during interference periods, and using a memory to store therapy intervals and system events for calculating the next therapy time based on heart rhythm estimation and patient history data.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional methods (e.g., GMR sensor) are used to detect magnetic fields during MRI, then electromagnetic interference can be detected, but energy consumption increases and operating time decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection of electromagnetic interferenceVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The implantable medical device uses its own existing electrodes and sensing capabilities to detect electromagnetic interference during MRI procedures, rather than requiring separate dedicated sensors. The device monitors its own lead voltages and currents to identify interference conditions, making the existing components serve dual purposes and avoiding additional energy-consuming detection hardware.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The electrodes originally designed for therapeutic stimulation and physiological monitoring are also utilized for detecting electromagnetic interference. This multi-functional use of existing components eliminates the need for separate detection systems and reduces overall energy consumption while maintaining detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If communication between MRI device and implant is implemented for coordinated switching off, then MRI safety can be improved, but device complexity and upgrade requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveMRI safetyVSAvoidcommunication system requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The implantable device autonomously detects electromagnetic interference through its existing sensing capabilities and automatically adjusts its operation or switches off therapeutic functions during MRI procedures without requiring external communication or coordination with the MRI system. This self-contained approach eliminates complex communication infrastructure requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The solution extracts the safety function from a communication-dependent system and implements it within the implant itself using local detection and automatic response, removing the need for complex bidirectional communication systems between MRI设备和植入物.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If components are switched off during MRI to ensure safety, then patient safety is improved, but continuous monitoring of physiological parameters cannot be guaranteed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepatient safetyVSAvoidcontinuous monitoring
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The device segments its functions into monitoring mode and therapeutic mode. During MRI procedures, the therapeutic stimulation function is suspended while the monitoring function continues to operate using the same electrodes. This allows the device to detect physiological parameters continuously even when therapy is paused, maintaining monitoring capability without compromising safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The device dynamically adjusts its operational state based on detected conditions, transitioning between full operation, monitoring-only mode, and switched-off states. This dynamic behavior allows flexible adaptation to MRI procedures while maintaining essential monitoring functions throughout the process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Reliability

If the device relies on communication with MRI device for interference detection, then coordinated safety measures can be implemented, but other interference sources cannot be recognized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoordinated safety measuresVSAvoiddetection of interference sources
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The device independently detects all electromagnetic interference through its own sensing capabilities rather than relying on information from external MRI systems. This autonomous detection approach enables the device to recognize various interference sources including MRI fields and other electromagnetic sources without requiring communication protocols or external information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The sensing system is designed to detect electromagnetic interference from any source, not just MRI devices. The same electrodes and detection circuitry that monitor physiological signals also detect electromagnetic interference universally, making the device adaptable to various interference conditions without requiring source-specific detection mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures high reliability under EMI by delivering electrical stimulation only when interference is absent, reconstructing measurements during interference, and calculating optimal therapy times, thereby maintaining continuous monitoring and operation without requiring device upgrades, and accounting for various interference sources.

Implementation Method 1

at least one unit for detecting electromagnetic interference, including at least one sensor or indicator for electromagnetic interference fields

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic detection: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

at least one electrode line which is connected to the control unit and which has an electrode at the other end which is in contact with body tissue

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP2338566B1Implantable medical device with means for reconstructing an imperfectly sensed signal
Publication Date: 2020.01.08 BIOTRONIK SE & CO KG
  • EP2338566B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2338566B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2338566B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An electrode line connected to control unit, is provided with electrode which is in contact with body tissue. The electrode is extended into interior of the body or is located on surface of implantable medical device. Control unit is configured to deliver electrical stimulation impulses through electrode line only in timeframes in which no electromagnetic interferences (220) are recognized. The control unit is made to add reconstruct portion (240) to electrical measurement captured by electrode line for timeframes in which electromagnetic interferences are recognized.