Impulse Turbine Bucket Height Optimization for Gas Cleaning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing centrifugal separator drive arrangements are inefficient in terms of energy consumption while maintaining separating efficiency, particularly at high rotational speeds, due to suboptimal design of impulse turbines.
Innovation Solution
The bucket height of the impulse turbine is reduced to 2-3 times the diameter of the nozzle opening, optimizing the fluid jet reversal and tangential speed ratio to enhance efficiency and power output, resulting in a more compact and efficient drive arrangement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the bucket height is increased to ensure complete fluid jet reversal, then the fluid jet has sufficient distance to reverse direction, but the turbine size increases and rotational speed decreases due to longer travel time required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the bucket height parameter to a specific range (2-3 times the nozzle diameter) rather than using excessive height. This parameter optimization ensures the fluid jet is reversed within the optimal distance, achieving both complete reversal and high rotational speed by preventing the turbine from rotating away too much before the jet is sufficiently reversed.
2Speed
If the bucket height is decreased to reduce turbine size and increase rotational speed, then the turbine becomes more compact and operates at higher speeds, but the fluid jet may not have sufficient distance to reverse effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes the optimal bucket height parameter range (2-3 times the nozzle diameter) that balances both requirements. Within this range, the fluid jet has sufficient distance to reverse effectively while the turbine remains compact and operates at high speeds. The lower bound (2 times) prevents collision between incoming and reversed fluid jet, while the upper bound (3 times) ensures the turbine doesn't rotate away too much before reversal is complete.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent considers the dynamic interaction between the fluid jet and the rotating turbine buckets. By optimizing the bucket height, the system achieves optimal timing where the fluid jet reversal is completed just as the bucket exits the jet region, maximizing impulse transfer efficiency at high rotational speeds.
3Ease of manufacture
If the bucket height is set to 5 times the nozzle diameter as in prior art, then the structure is simple and robust, but the energy consumption increases and separating efficiency decreases at high rotational speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the bucket height parameter from the conventional 5 times nozzle diameter down to 2-3 times the nozzle diameter. This parameter change significantly improves energy efficiency at high rotational speeds while maintaining adequate structural simplicity. The optimized dimension reduces the distance the fluid jet must travel, allowing more effective impulse transfer and reducing energy losses.
4Volume of moving object
If the bucket height is reduced to 2-3 times the nozzle diameter, then the turbine size is reduced and efficiency increases, but the bucket height must not be less than 2 times the nozzle diameter to avoid collision between incoming and reversed fluid jet
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes the minimum safe bucket height parameter (2 times the nozzle diameter) that prevents harmful fluid jet collision. At this minimum dimension, the fluid jet has just sufficient space to reverse direction before the bucket exits the jet region, preventing collision between incoming and reversed fluid portions while achieving compact turbine size.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly improves the efficiency and power output of the impulse turbine at high rotational speeds, allowing for higher rotational speeds with reduced energy consumption and a smaller turbine size, suitable for confined spaces like crankcase gas cleaning applications.
Implementation Method 1
The drive arrangement comprises an impulse turbine drivingly connected to the centrifugal rotor and a nozzle for a pressurized fluid. The impulse turbine is arranged with buckets for receiving a jet of pressurized fluid from the nozzle
Implementation Method 2
a centrifugal separator with a centrifugal rotor for separating the particles from the gas
Data Source
AI summary
A device for cleaning a gas which is contaminated with particles, includes a centrifugal separator with a centrifugal rotor for separating the particles from the gas and a drive arrangement for rotating the centrifugal rotor about a rotational axis. The drive arrangement includes an impulse turbine drivingly connected to the centrifugal rotor and a nozzle for a pressurized fluid, the impulse turbine being arranged with buckets for receiving a jet of pressurized fluid from a nozzle directed against the buckets which are configured such that the fluid jet direction is reversed along a height of the bucket. The height of the bucket is 2-3 times the diameter of the nozzle opening.