IMS E911 Profile Routing for Emergency Call Accuracy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing VoIP systems face challenges in accurately determining and updating user location for emergency calls, leading to potential delays in routing emergency services, as they rely on subscriber diligence and static table lookups, unlike cellular systems which use GPS or triangulation.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a system within the 3GPP IMS architecture that automatically generates and updates E911 profiles by determining a user's location based on IP address changes, pushing this information to a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) for accurate emergency call routing, independent of user intervention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If VoIP services provide increased mobility allowing users to log on from different locations, then user mobility and flexibility are improved, but location determination complexity and accuracy for emergency calls deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by automatically detecting user location changes through IP address monitoring and proactively updating E911 profiles in the HSS before emergency calls are placed. This eliminates the need for manual location updates by users and ensures location information is ready when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The VoIP service provider's network elements (P-CSCF, E-CSCF) automatically monitor user registration locations and update E911 profiles without requiring user intervention. The system serves itself by autonomously detecting location changes and pushing updates to the HSS, eliminating the burden on users to manually update their emergency location information.
2Device complexity
If VoIP providers rely on static table lookups for emergency routing, then system simplicity is maintained, but routing accuracy and timeliness deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static table lookups to dynamic profile-based routing. E911 profiles stored in the HSS are dynamically updated whenever a user's location changes, allowing the routing system to automatically reflect current user locations. This dynamic approach maintains simplicity while significantly improving routing accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms where the P-CSCF and E-CSCF continuously monitor user registration locations and feed this information back to update E911 profiles in the HSS. This feedback loop ensures that routing tables automatically reflect current user positions, improving accuracy without requiring complex manual updates.
3Measurement precision
If users manually update location information for emergency calls, then location accuracy can be maintained, but user burden and time consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system automatically monitors user registration locations through IP address changes and updates E911 profiles without requiring any user action. Users simply need to register with the VoIP service, and the network autonomously captures location information and pushes it to the HSS, completely eliminating the user burden of manual location updates.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs location detection and profile update actions in advance, before users need to place emergency calls. By continuously monitoring registration locations and proactively updating E911 profiles, the system ensures location information is already accurate and ready, eliminating the need for users to perform manual updates when needed.
Data Source
AI summary
Efficient processing and/or routing of emergency calls in an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) for VoIP (Voice over IP) subscribers can be enabled. In one aspect, an E911 profile is generated, for example, by an application server, for each VoIP subscriber based in part on current location information associated with the subscriber, such as, the subscriber's IP address. The E911 profile is pushed to the HSS (Home Subscriber Server) of the IMS. The E911 profile can then be stored in the HSS and can be queried by an E-CSCF (Emergency Call Session Control Function) during emergency call processing. Moreover, when an emergency call is received from the subscriber, the E-CSCF can retrieve the E911 profile associated with the subscriber from the HSS and route the call to an appropriate PSAP (Public Safety Answering Point) based on an analysis of the information in the E911 profile.