In Situ Pathogen Detection via Attractant-Driven Chemotaxis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting plant pathogens in soil and water are inefficient, often requiring laboratory analysis, which can lead to delayed detection and increased spread of disease, and are not suitable for in-situ monitoring, especially for dormant pathogens like fungi and oomycetes.
Innovation Solution
A device that uses an attractant to draw microorganisms towards a detector, which includes a growth medium and filter system, allowing for early detection of pathogens like Phytophthora in their natural environment without the need for sample manipulation or laboratory testing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If external laboratory testing is used to detect plant pathogens, then analysis can be conducted with specialized equipment, but detection is delayed and samples must be transported away from the testing site
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an on-site detection device that acts as an intermediary between traditional laboratory testing and field conditions. The device incorporates laboratory-grade detection capabilities (PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence) into a portable format that can be deployed directly in the field, eliminating the need for sample transport while maintaining detection accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the essential detection functions from centralized laboratories and places them in portable, field-deployable devices. By taking out the core analytical capabilities (molecular techniques, immunological assays) and relocating them to the field, the system eliminates transport delays while preserving measurement precision
2Measurement precision
If soil sampling is used to detect plant pathogens, then analysis can be conducted externally, but the sample may not reflect the true condition of the soil
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the soil detection process into multiple localized measurement points using an array of sensors that can sample different soil depths and locations simultaneously. This segmentation allows for a more comprehensive representation of soil conditions rather than relying on a single sample point
Solution Approach 2:
The detection device performs self-calibration and quality control measurements, automatically adjusting for environmental variables that may affect detection accuracy. The system includes built-in reference standards and validation protocols that ensure reliable results without requiring external laboratory verification
3Loss of time
If on-site lateral flow devices are used to test plant samples, then results can be obtained quickly, but each sample is representative only for the individual plant being tested
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a multi-functional detection system that can test multiple samples simultaneously across different plants and soil locations. The device incorporates multiple testing channels and can process various sample types (soil, water, plant tissue) in a single deployment, providing area-wide pathogen detection while maintaining rapid results
4Measurement precision
If traditional detection methods are used, then laboratory analysis can be performed, but dormant pathogens like fungi and oomycetes cannot be detected in their natural environment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by adjusting environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, nutrient availability) around the detection device to stimulate dormant pathogens into active states. By temporarily modifying local environmental parameters, the system can detect pathogens that would otherwise remain dormant in their natural environment
Solution Approach 2:
The detection device serves as an intermediary that creates a controlled micro-environment conducive to pathogen activation and detection. The system includes growth media and environmental control mechanisms that allow dormant pathogens to become detectable without requiring extensive sample manipulation or laboratory processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, in-situ detection of pathogens before they cause significant damage, reducing the need for unnecessary chemical applications and improving the production of disease-free plants by providing early warning systems for plant health management.
Implementation Method 1
A device that uses an attractant to draw microorganisms towards a detector
Implementation Method 2
which includes a growth medium and filter system, allowing for early detection of pathogens
Implementation Method 3
which includes a growth medium and filter system, allowing for early detection of pathogens
Data Source
AI summary
A system for the detection of pathogenic organisms in growth substrate or water is described which comprises means for the delivery of an attractant into the growth substrate or water, means for directing the microorganism to a detector for the detection of the microorganism of interest, and a detector which provides a signal when the microorganism of interest is detected, the use of the system in agriculture and horticulture is also described.