Vertical Incinerator Combustion Air Supply Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vertical incinerators face unstable combustion conditions due to immediate combustion of flammable materials in the refining layer, leading to increased ignition loss and clinker formation, which complicates ash discharge and reduces the efficiency of waste incineration treatment.
Innovation Solution
A method for supplying combustion air in a vertical incinerator where the air is controlled to be between 0.3 to 0.7 times the theoretical amount necessary, with a higher percentage supplied from the lower portion to the upper portion, forming a char layer in the absence of oxygen, which stabilizes combustion and reduces ignition loss by allowing flammable materials to transfer to the combustion layer for complete pyrolysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If combustion air is supplied in sufficient amount to completely combust waste in the refining layer, then combustion efficiency is improved, but flammable materials are immediately combusted causing unstable combustion conditions and increased ignition loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating different oxygen concentration zones within the deposit layers. The combustion air is supplied to create a gradient where oxygen concentration is higher at the lower portion and lower at the upper portion, allowing different combustion behaviors in different layers. This enables the refining layer to have limited oxygen (preventing immediate combustion) while the combustion layer has sufficient oxygen (maintaining combustion efficiency).
Solution Approach 2:
The patent supplies combustion air at 0.3 to 0.7 times the theoretical amount needed for complete combustion, which is a partial action. This controlled oxygen deficiency in the refining layer prevents immediate combustion of flammable materials while still allowing gradual combustion in the combustion layer, thereby stabilizing combustion conditions while maintaining overall efficiency.
2Power
If flammable materials are immediately combusted in the refining layer, then energy release is enhanced, but local temperature rise occurs causing clinker formation that hinders ash discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a controlled oxygen-deficient environment in the refining layer by supplying limited combustion air (0.3 to 0.7 times theoretical amount) with reduced oxygen concentration at the upper portion. This prevents the immediate combustion of flammable materials that would cause local temperature spikes and clinker formation, while still allowing gradual energy release through controlled combustion in the combustion layer.
3Productivity
If combustion air is supplied uniformly throughout the deposit layers, then combustion completeness is improved, but oxygen distribution becomes uneven causing combustion irregularity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent explicitly implements local quality by creating a non-uniform oxygen distribution through controlled combustion air supply. The oxygen concentration is designed to be higher at the lower portion and lower at the upper portion of the deposit layers, which matches the natural combustion progression and prevents combustion irregularity while ensuring complete combustion in the combustion layer.
Solution Approach 2:
By supplying only 0.3 to 0.7 times the theoretical combustion air amount, the patent creates a partial oxygen supply scenario that naturally generates the desired oxygen gradient. This partial action prevents over-supply of oxygen to the refining layer while ensuring adequate oxygen reaches the combustion layer through diffusion and convection, maintaining both completeness and uniformity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach maintains stable combustion conditions, reduces ignition loss, and ensures homogeneous incineration treatment by suppressing the immediate combustion of flammable materials, allowing nonflammable materials to be fully pyrolyzed, thereby minimizing unburned residues in the ash.
Implementation Method 1
combust the waste while the combustion air is supplied to deposit layers formed by the waste charged into the furnace
Implementation Method 2
allowing flammable materials to transfer to the combustion layer for complete pyrolysis
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3(a)~3(f)
AI summary
A method for supplying combustion air in a vertical incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention is such that during incineration treatment by the vertical incinerator 1, a supplied amount of combustion air a is controlled in such a manner as to be 0.2 to 0.8 times as much as a theoretical air amount that is necessary to completely combust waste R in deposit layers, and the combustion air a is supplied in such a manner as to reduce oxygen in the combustion air a from a lower portion to an upper portion of the deposit layers.